滴灌背景下玛纳斯流域绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分时空变化趋势分析

发布时间：2018-05-29 08:46

本文选题：滴灌 + 绿洲内外荒地　；参考：《自然资源学报》2017年09期

【摘要】：干旱区内陆河流域土壤盐渍化主要集中于绿洲内灌溉农田,而对绿洲内荒地和外围荒漠(以下简称绿洲内外荒地)土壤盐分变化趋势尚不清楚。论文基于地理信息系统技术和数理统计学方法,利用玛纳斯流域绿洲膜下滴灌技术普及的初期2006年和近期2012年绿洲内外荒地0~100 cm土壤盐分数据,分析滴灌背景下干旱区绿洲南部、中部和北部内外荒地土壤盐分的0~30、30~60、60~100 cm深度时空变异的总体特征。绿洲内外荒地2012年0~100 cm深度土壤平均含盐量、阴离子含量和除Na~+、K~+以外的阳离子含量低于2006年的水平,土壤盐渍化类型由硫酸盐-氯化物类向氯化物-硫酸盐类转化,降低了土壤的碱性,有利于后备农业资源的开发和作物的生长;2006年玛纳斯流域绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分含量、阴离子含量和阳离子含量空间分布差异不显著,而2012年土壤盐分和除个别离子(Na~+、K~+、CO_3~(2-))外其他离子空间格局总体表现为绿洲中部含量最高;绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分时空变化趋势的主导因素是灌溉方式的改变和地下水的利用。玛纳斯流域绿洲内外荒地土壤盐分时空变化总体特征和可能驱动机制分析,将丰富对干旱区流域绿洲土壤盐渍化的趋势认识,并有助于干旱区后备农业土地资源的合理开发与利用。
[Abstract]:The soil salinization in the arid area of the inland river basin is mainly concentrated in the irrigated farmland in the oasis, but the change trend of soil salinity in the oasis wasteland and the peripheral desert (hereinafter referred to as the oasis wasteland) is not clear. Based on the geographic information system technology and mathematical statistics, the paper uses the early drip irrigation technique of the oasis in the Manasi basin to be popularized. The soil salinity data of 0~100 cm in the desert land and outside of oasis in 2006 and 2012 was analyzed. The spatial and temporal variation of the 0~30,30~60,60~100 cm depth of soil salt in the arid area of oasis under the background of drip irrigation was analyzed. The average salt content, anion content and Na~+, K~ in the 0~100 cm depth of the oasis in and out of the oasis in 2012 were analyzed. The content of cation outside is lower than the level in 2006. The soil salinization type is transformed from sulfate chloride to chloride sulfate, which reduces the alkalinity of soil. It is beneficial to the development of reserve agricultural resources and the growth of crops. In 2006, the salt content, anion content and cation content of the oasis and in and out of the oasis in Manasi basin in 2006 The spatial distribution of soil salt and other ions (Na~+, K~+, CO_3~ (2-)) in 2012 was the highest in the middle of oasis, and the dominant factor of the spatial and temporal change trend of the salt in the oasis was the change of irrigation mode and the utilization of groundwater. The analysis of the general characteristics and possible driving mechanism of soil salinity changes will enrich the trend of soil salinization in the oasis of arid area, and will help to develop and utilize the reserve agricultural land resources in arid areas.
【作者单位】：中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室;新疆大学资源与环境科学学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(U1303382,41501205,41671108)~~
【分类号】：S156.41

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