长期秸秆还田对农田土壤钾素形态及空间分布的影响

发布时间：2018-06-01 00:43

本文选题：秸秆还田 + 土壤钾素　；参考：《西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版)》2016年03期

【摘要】：【目的】研究连续多年秸秆还田对土壤钾素形态及空间分布(层化现象)的影响。【方法】以关中平原冬小麦-夏玉米轮作体系中连续13年秸秆还田粮田土壤为对象,并以临近葡萄园土壤为对照。比较2种土壤不同土层(0~5,5~15,15~30cm)速效钾及其3种组分(水溶性钾、非特殊吸附钾、特殊吸附钾)、非交换性钾、矿物钾、全钾含量的变化,并分析了土壤中各形态钾的层化比率和相关性。【结果】经过13年秸秆还田,粮田土壤0~5cm土层速效钾及其各组分平均含量均有提高;在5~15和15~30cm土层中,与葡萄园土壤相比,粮田土壤速效钾及其各组分平均含量均降低。粮田土壤速效钾及其各组分的层化比率总体高于葡萄园土壤。与葡萄园土壤相比,粮田土壤非交换性钾含量明显降低。粮田土壤与葡萄园土壤矿物钾和全钾含量差异不大。粮田土壤速效钾与其各组分、非交换性钾、全钾相关性达显著或极显著水平,但与矿物钾相关性不显著;葡萄园土壤速效钾与其各组分和非交换性钾相关性达极显著水平,但与矿物钾、全钾相关性不显著。【结论】整体看,秸秆还田在维持土壤钾有效成分与全钾之间的显著相关关系和协调土壤各形态钾的含量及空间分布方面,均有一定的积极作用。但无论是秸秆还田还是施用化学钾肥,对粮田和葡萄园土壤矿物钾及全钾含量和空间分布的影响均不显著。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effect of straw returning to the field for many years on soil potassium morphology and spatial distribution (stratification phenomenon). [methods] the soil of winter wheat and summer maize rotation system in Guanzhong Plain for 13 consecutive years was studied. The soil near the vineyard was used as a control. The changes of available potassium and its three components (water-soluble potassium, non-special adsorbed potassium, non-exchangeable potassium, mineral potassium and total potassium) in two different soil layers were compared. The stratification ratio and correlation of various forms of potassium in the soil were analyzed. [results] after 13 years of straw returning, the average content of available potassium and its components in the soil layer of 0~5cm in grain field were increased, and in the soil layers of 5, 15 and 15~30cm, they were compared with those in the soil of vineyard. The average content of available potassium and its components in grain field soil decreased. The lamination ratio of available potassium and its components in grain field soil was higher than that in vineyard soil. Compared with the soil of vineyard, the content of non exchangeable potassium in the soil of grain field was significantly lower than that in the soil of vineyard. The contents of mineral potassium and total potassium in the soil of grain field and vineyard were not different. The correlation between soil available potassium and its components, non-exchangeable potassium, total potassium was significant or extremely significant, but not with mineral potassium, and the correlation between available potassium in vineyard soil and its components and non-exchangeable potassium was extremely significant. But there was no significant correlation with mineral potassium and total potassium. [conclusion] overall, straw returning to the field can maintain a significant correlation between the effective components of soil potassium and total potassium, and coordinate the content and spatial distribution of potassium in various forms of soil. All have certain positive effect. However, the effects of straw returning and chemical potassium fertilizer on soil mineral potassium, total potassium content and spatial distribution of grain field and vineyard were not significant.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学资源环境学院农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B11) 国家自然科学基金项目(41371288) 中央高校基本科研创新项目(QN2013075)
【分类号】：S141.4

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