基于GIS的基本农田信息预警方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 14:53

本文选题：基本农田 + 预警　；参考：《安徽农业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：基本农田是为了满足一定时期的人口以及社会经济的发展对农产品的需求,根据我国土地利用总体规划所规定的不得占用的耕地。由于我国人口基数庞大,耕地后备资源匮乏,基本农田保护工作正面临史上最严峻的挑战。为了加大耕地保护力度,确保基本农田数量和质量,方便群众举报基本农田非法占用警情,建立基本农田数据库更新及监管机制,开发基本农田监管预警信息系统迫在眉睫。本文以安徽省基本农田动态监管为研究背景,针对基本农田地块变更信息上报与实时更新的需求,建立了基于GIS的基本农田利用预警信息系统。该系统包含数据库管理、信息查询、动态监测和预测预警等多个功能模块。本文重点研究了基本农田变化信息的获取与处理、数据库的实时更新以及预警系统的开发这三个关键问题。论文研究的主要内容及取得的成果如下:(1)研究了基于决策树的基本农田动态变化信息挖掘方法。通过对不同时期农田图像信息作对比,结合农田地块基本信息库以及基本农田违法占用反馈信息表,构建基本农田地块分类规则,挖掘地块的空间位置变化信息,预测农田地类的变更趋势。(2)提出了一种缩小实测数据与历史数据间偏差的优化计算方法。本文引入了基本农田利用时态数据模型,从时态数据库的角度研究了基本农田数据库的实时更新方法,提高了基本农田利用趋势预测的准确性。(3)开发了基于GIS的基本农田利用预警信息系统。在Windows操作系统下,以Visual Studio 2008作为开发平台,结合.NET软件开发环境,运用C#语言编程实现决策树分类模型的建模计算,并对实时监测数据作出合理的分析及预测。系统基于B/S体系架构,以ESRI公司的Arc Server10.0作为地图服务器发布平台,实现了基本农田信息数据的资源共享、在线查询、数据库动态更新以及决策支持等诸多功能。本系统的建立对于破解基本农田动态监管难题具有重要的意义。系统可为土地利用规划者提供可靠的决策依据;借助基本农田利用分析决策模型,建立覆盖全省的基本农田保护预警预报体系,对基本农田的违法占用进行实时预警,可有效增加土地监管工作的实时性和有效性。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the needs of the population and the development of social economy in a certain period, the basic farmland is the arable land which can not be occupied according to the general plan of land use of our country. Because of the huge population base and the shortage of cultivated land reserve resources, the basic farmland protection is facing the most severe challenge in the history. In order to strengthen farmland protection, ensure the quantity and quality of basic farmland, make it convenient for the masses to report the illegal occupation of basic farmland, establish the basic farmland database updating and supervision mechanism, and develop the early warning information system of basic farmland supervision, it is urgent for the people to report the illegal occupation of basic farmland. Based on the background of dynamic supervision of basic farmland in Anhui province and the need of reporting and updating the change information of basic farmland land, a GIS based early warning information system for farmland utilization is established in this paper. The system includes several function modules, such as database management, information query, dynamic monitoring and forecasting and warning. This paper focuses on the acquisition and processing of basic farmland change information, the real-time updating of database and the development of early warning system. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: 1) the method of mining basic farmland dynamic change information based on decision tree is studied. By comparing the image information of farmland in different periods, combining with the basic information base of farmland land and the feedback information table of illegal occupation of basic farmland, the classification rules of basic farmland plots are constructed, and the spatial position change information of plots is excavated. A method to reduce the deviation between measured data and historical data is proposed. In this paper, the temporal data model of basic farmland is introduced, and the real-time updating method of basic farmland database is studied from the point of view of temporal database. The forecast accuracy of basic farmland utilization trend is improved. (3) the basic farmland utilization early warning information system based on GIS is developed. Under Windows operating system, taking Visual Studio 2008 as development platform and combining with .NET software development environment, using C # programming to realize the modeling and calculation of decision tree classification model, and making reasonable analysis and prediction of real-time monitoring data. Based on the B / S architecture, the system uses Arc Server10.0 of ESRI Company as the publishing platform of map server, and realizes many functions such as resource sharing of basic farmland information data, online query, dynamic updating of database, decision support and so on. The establishment of this system is of great significance to solve the problem of dynamic supervision of basic farmland. The system can provide a reliable decision basis for land use planners, establish an early warning and forecast system of basic farmland protection covering the whole province with the aid of the basic farmland utilization analysis decision model, and carry out real-time early warning on the illegal occupation of basic farmland. It can effectively increase the real-time and effectiveness of land supervision.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S127;TP277

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