EN-1固化剂对土壤理化及生物学性质的影响

发布时间：2018-06-02 09:25

本文选题：EN-1固化剂 + 土壤抗崩性　；参考：《北京林业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：EN-1固化剂是一种由强氧化剂、溶解剂和分散剂组成,稀释后无毒、无污染的高分子复合材料,可增强土壤颗粒间的粘结力,增加土壤水稳性团聚体含量,从而保持土壤结构体的持久稳定。由于水陆交错带区域的土壤在受到雨水侵蚀、洪水浸泡与河水冲刷时会产生大量的流失,这些的高石砾土壤严重制约着植被的恢复过程。因此,通过土壤中添加EN-1固化剂,实施水土保持措施,是防治水土流失、恢复水陆交错带植被的重要途径。研究以漓江水陆交错带土壤为研究对象,通过室内模拟和盆栽试验,研究了EN-1固化剂掺入量、养护龄期、压实度对土壤物理性质,如抗崩性、抗冲性、浸水容重的影响；EN-1固化剂掺入量(0.00%、0.10%、0.20%、0.30%和0.50%)和辅助剂石灰(0.30%干土质量比)对土壤pH值、水溶性化学成分、硝态氮、铵态氮、3种土壤水解酶即糖苷酶、几丁质酶、酸性磷酸酶、2种氧化还原酶即酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性的影响：EN-1固化剂和辅助剂石灰对植物生长的影响。确定固土效果较好,且对植被生长影响不大的EN-1掺量、压实度和养护龄期。本研究对漓江水陆交错带水土保持、以及植被恢复过程提供理论依据。研究结果表明如下：(1)EN-1固化剂的使用,可增强土壤的抗崩性能、抗冲性能以及增大土壤的浸水容重。当EN-1固化剂掺入量达到0.30%及以上时,土壤抗崩性试验中固化土的崩解量以及土壤抗冲试验中的固化土产沙量较少。当养护龄期延长到7d及以上时,土壤抗崩性能和土壤抗冲性能较强。当压实度为0.90及以上时,土壤抗崩性能较好,但为了植被良好的生长,又为达到近似于压实度为0.90时的固土效果,可将压实度设为0.85,添加辅助剂石灰0.30%。(2)固化土的pH值随EN-1固化剂掺量的增加而减小。EN-1固化剂各种掺量条件下添加辅助剂石灰的处理,土壤pH值均高于无辅助剂处理,可见0.30%辅助剂石灰的添加能够中和EN-1固化剂的酸性,起到调节土壤PH值的作用。EN-1固化剂属于有机溶液,它的掺入也会使土壤中水溶性有机碳、水溶性总氮的量增加。(3)土壤中掺入EN-1固化剂,随着掺入量的增加,土壤中酸性磷酸酶的活性提高,过氧化物酶的活性降低；当适量的添加EN-1时,会促进糖苷酶、几丁质酶和过氧化物酶的活性,但当添加EN-1过量时,三种酶的活性会受到抑制。土壤在添加0.30%石灰的基础上,再掺入不同比例的EN-1固化剂,五种酶的活性均呈现先被促进,后被抑制的趋势,但五种酶活性出现最大值时的EN-1掺量不全一致。(4)添加石灰与不添加石灰两种情况下的土壤中,植物生物量均随EN-1掺入量的增加呈先增大后减小的趋势。当不添加石灰时,EN-1的最佳掺量为0.20%,添加石灰时EN-1最佳掺量为0.30%。
[Abstract]:EN-1 curing agent is a kind of strong oxidizing agent, dissolving agent and dispersant, dilute nontoxic and pollution-free polymer composite. It can enhance the cohesive force between soil particles, increase the soil water stable aggregate content, and keep the soil structure stable. Because the soil in the water and land zone is eroded by rain, flood Soaking and water scouring will produce a large amount of loss, these high gravel soils seriously restrict the restoration process of vegetation. Therefore, it is an important way to prevent and control soil erosion and restore the vegetation of the water and land interlaced zone by adding EN-1 curing agent in the soil, and the soil of the Lijiang River and land interlaced zone is the research object. After the indoor simulation and pot experiment, the effects of the amount of EN-1 curing agent, the curing age, the compaction degree on the soil physical properties, such as anti collapse, impact resistance and water bulk density, the amount of EN-1 curing agent (0%, 0.10%, 0.20%, 0.30% and 0.50%) and the auxiliary lime (0.30% dry soil mass ratio) to the soil pH value, water soluble chemical composition, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium, were studied. The effects of 3 kinds of soil hydrolases, such as glucosidase, chitinase, acid phosphatase, 2 oxidoreductases, the effects of phenoloxidase and peroxidase, the effect of EN-1 curing agent and auxiliary lime on plant growth. The effect of soil fixing agent and auxiliary lime on plant growth is better, and the amount of EN-1 that has little effect on the growth of vegetation, the degree of compaction and curing age. The theoretical basis is provided for the soil and water conservation of the Lijiang River and land interlaced zone, as well as the process of vegetation restoration. The results are as follows: (1) the use of EN-1 curing agent can enhance the avalanche performance, impact resistance and increase the soil bulk density. When the dosage of EN-1 curing agent is up to 0.30% or more, the soil is solidified in the soil anti collapse test. When the curing age is extended to 7d and above, the soil anti collapse performance and soil anti impact performance are stronger when the curing age is extended to 7d and above. When the compaction degree is more than 0.90 and above, the soil anti collapse performance is better, but for the good vegetation growth, the soil consolidation effect is approximately 0.90 when the compaction degree is approximate. The compactness is set to 0.85. The pH value of the added lime 0.30%. (2) solidified soil decreases with the increase of the dosage of EN-1 curing agent and reduces the addition of auxiliary lime under the various dosage conditions of the.EN-1 curing agent. The pH value of the soil is higher than that of the non auxiliary agent. It can be seen that the addition of 0.30% auxiliary lime can neutralize the acidity of the EN-1 curing agent. The.EN-1 curing agent is an organic solution, and its incorporation will also increase the amount of water-soluble organic carbon and water soluble total nitrogen in the soil. (3) with the addition of EN-1 curing agent, the activity of acid phosphatase in the soil increases and the activity of peroxidase is reduced with the increase of the amount of admixture. When a proper amount of EN-1 is added, it will promote glucoside. Enzyme, chitinase and peroxidase activity, but when adding EN-1 overdose, the activity of the three enzymes will be inhibited. On the basis of adding 0.30% lime and adding different proportions of EN-1 curing agent, the activity of the five enzymes is first promoted and then suppressed, but the amount of EN-1 admixture at the maximum of the activity of the five enzymes is not complete. (4) in the soil with two kinds of lime and no lime, the biomass of plant increased first and then decreased with the increase of EN-1 content. When no lime was added, the best dosage of EN-1 was 0.20%, and the best dosage of EN-1 was 0.30%. when adding lime.
【学位授予单位】：北京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S157

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