内蒙古地区不同树种地下真菌的高通量测序研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 14:21

本文选题：高通量测序 + 地下真菌　；参考：《内蒙古农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文在内蒙古呼伦贝尔市大兴安岭、赤峰市黑里河及赛罕乌拉国家自然保护区、呼和浩特大青山以及阿拉善贺兰山自然保护区采集了 8个树种的林下土壤,同时在鄂尔多斯西鄂尔多斯国家自然保护区采集了半日花下土壤,通过应用Illumina Hi Seq高通量测序技术获得地下真菌的18Sr DNA的ITS序列,应用FLASH、QIIME、Mothur等软件获得样品有效序列,使用Blast对有效序列与数据库中的参考序列进行比对并划分OTU后,利用R软件对其进行信息处理,最终分析内蒙古不同地区8种树种林下以及半日花地下真菌多样性。从高通量测序的结果中挑取地下真菌OTU,结果表明内蒙古地区8个主要树种林下及半日花地下真菌包含26个OTU。内蒙古地区8个主要树种的地下真菌包含21个OTU,分布于2个门(子囊菌门Ascomycota和担子菌门Basidiomycota),5个目(大团囊菌目Elaphomycetales、盘菌目Pezizales、牛肝菌目Boletales、层腹菌目Hymenogastrales 和鬼笔目 Phallales),9 个科(大团囊菌科 Elaphomycetaceae、马鞍菌科Helvellaceae、侧盘菌科Otideaceae、盘菌科Pezizaceae、地菇科Terfeziaceae、块菌科 Tuberaceae、须腹菌科 Rhizopogonaceae、层腹菌科Hymenogastraceae 及辐片包科 Hysteraniaceae),10 个属(大团囊菌属 Elaphomyces、腔块菌属Hydnotry、基块菌属Genea、地孔菌属Geopora、粒块菌属Hydnobolites、地菇属Terfezia、块菌属Tuber、须腹菌属Rhizopogon、层腹菌属Hymenogaster、辐片包属Hysterangium)。其中块菌属(Tuber)、辐片包属(Hysterangium)和层腹菌属(Hymenogaster)是内蒙古地区主要代表8种树种地下真菌的优势属,且块菌属真菌在所有8种树种上都有分布。从树种来看,各树种林下地下真菌种类和丰度存在很大差异。油松和兴安落叶松是拥有Tuber种类和丰度较多的树种。Hydnotrya在兴安落叶松和山杨上分布较多,Genea在蒙古栎和油松分布较多,Elaphomyces在油松分布最多,Terfezia在蒙古栎分布最多,Geopora在兴安落叶松分布最多,Hydnobolites仅在黑桦上有分布。Rhizopogona除在蒙古栎和山杨上没有分布外,其余6种树种林下都有分布。Hymenogaster在兴安落叶松上分布最多,Hysterangium在黑桦上分布最多。按采样区域来看,地下真菌多样性由高到低依次为赤峰市赛罕乌拉赤峰市黑里河大坝沟=赤峰市黑里河道须沟阿拉善贺兰山呼和浩特大青山呼伦贝尔大兴安岭。半日花地下真菌包含5个OTU,主要包括担子菌门的Boletales的Sclerodermataceae(Scleroderma)和 Gastrosporiaceae(Gastrosporium)和子囊菌门的 Pezizales 的 Tuberaceae(Tuber)和 Pyronemataceae(Picoa)。属水平上,丰度由高到低依次为 Picoa、Tuber、Scleroderma 和 Gastrosporium。本研究通过高通量测序分析揭示了内蒙古地区8个树种及半日花13个属的地下真菌,远超过了前人通过子实体研究获得的内蒙古地区地下真菌类群的数量。高通量测序分析可为我们进一步研究内蒙古地区地下真菌类群提供重要的手段。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the undergrowth soil of 8 tree species was collected in the Daxing'an Mountains of Hulunbeir City, Chifeng City, the Heilihe River and Saihanula National Nature Reserve, Hohhot Daqing Mountain and Alashan Helan Mountain Nature Reserve, Inner Mongolia. At the same time, the soil under sunflower was collected in Ordos National Nature Reserve. The ITS sequence of 18Sr DNA of underground fungi was obtained by using Illumina Hi Seq high-throughput sequencing technique, and the effective sequence of samples was obtained by flash QIIMEN Mothur and so on. The effective sequence was compared with the reference sequence in the database and the OTU was classified by Blast, and the information was processed by R software. Finally, the underground fungal diversity of 8 species of tree species in different regions of Inner Mongolia was analyzed. The underground fungi OTU were selected from the high throughput sequencing results. The results showed that 26 OTUs were found in 8 main tree species in Inner Mongolia. Underground fungi of 8 main tree species in Inner Mongolia include 21 OTUs, distributed in 2 phylum (Ascomycota and Basidiomycotata), 5 orders (Elaphomycetales, Pezizales, Boletales, Hymenogastrales and Phallalesus 9 families). (Elaphomycetaceaeae, Helvellaceaeae, Otideaceaeae, Pezizaceaeae, Terfeziaceaeae, tuberaceaeaceae, Rhizopogonaceaeae, Hymenogastraceae and Herystaceaniaeae, 10 genera (Hydnotryces, Hydnotrydia, Geneaes, Geneae) Porphyra belongs to Geopora, tuber belongs to Hydnobolites, Terfezia, tuber., Rhizopogon, Hymenogastera, Hysterangium. Tuberum, Hysterangium and Hymenogaster are the dominant genera of underground fungi representing 8 species in Inner Mongolia, and truffles are distributed in all 8 species. From the tree species point of view, there are great differences in the species and abundance of underground fungi. Pinus tabulaeformis and Larix gmelinii are species with more Tuber species and abundance. Hydnotrya distributes more on Larix gmelinii and Populus tabulaeformis. Genea distributes more in Quercus mongolica and Pinus tabulaeformis. Elaphomyces distributes most in Pinus tabulaeformis. The distribution of Larix gmelinii is the most. Rhizopogona is only distributed on the black birch, except for the Mongolian oak and Populus mongolica. The distribution of Hymenogaster on Larix gmelinii was the most. Hysterangium was the most distributed on black birch. According to the sampling area, the order of underground fungal diversity is Heilihe Dam ditch in Saihanula Chifeng City, Chifeng City = Heilihe River Daogou in Chifeng City and Hulunbeir Daxing'an Mountains in Hulunhaote Mountain, Alashan and Hulan Mountains in Chifeng City. Subterranean fungi of Halfendron contain five OTUs, including Scleroderma (Boletales) of basidiomycetes (Scleroderma) and Gastrosporiaceaeae Gastrosporium (Gastrosporiae) and tuberaceae of ascomycetes (tuberaceae) and Pyronemataceae (Picoa). From high to low, Picoia tuberoderma and Gastrosporium. Through high-throughput sequencing analysis, 8 species and 13 genera of subterranean fungi in Inner Mongolia were revealed, which far exceeded the number of underground fungi in Inner Mongolia obtained through fruiting body studies. High-throughput sequencing analysis can provide an important means for further study of underground fungi in Inner Mongolia.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S714.3

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