基于QuickBird影像的黄土丘陵区坡面浅沟侵蚀速率研究

发布时间：2018-06-02 17:36

本文选题：浅沟侵蚀 + 高分遥感　；参考：《农业机械学报》2017年08期

【摘要】：以陕西省吴起县黄土丘陵沟壑区封禁流域(合沟小流域)为研究对象,通过野外实地测量60条浅沟形态参数,建立浅沟长度与体积回归模型,使用2007年和2013年2期同时相QuickBird影像,提取245条浅沟的长度,计算浅沟侵蚀速率。结果表明:在2007—2013年的6 a内,浅沟的数量基本不变,总长度从2007年的13.74 km增长到2013年的14.12 km,浅沟密度为36.21 km/km~2。浅沟长度变化分为缩减与增长2类,缩减类浅沟占46.94%,沟口多数与切沟沟头相连,由于切沟溯源侵蚀速率高于浅沟的发育速率,导致浅沟长度缩减。依据构建的浅沟长度与体积回归模型,基于影像解译的245条浅沟在6 a间总侵蚀量从1 889.97 m~3增加到1 961.49 m~3,若不考虑体积减小的浅沟,平均每条浅沟每年增长0.20 m~3,草本覆盖的坡面浅沟平均侵蚀速率约为215 t/(km~2·a)。
[Abstract]:Taking the closed gully watershed (Hegou small watershed) in the loess hilly and gully region of Wuqi County, Shaanxi Province as the research object, a regression model of the length and volume of shallow gullies was established by measuring the morphological parameters of 60 shallow gullies in the field. The length of 245 shallow gullies was extracted and the erosion rate of shallow gullies was calculated by using two simultaneous phase QuickBird images in 2007 and 2013. The results showed that the number of shallow trenches remained unchanged in six years from 2007 to 2013, the total length increased from 13.74 km in 2007 to 14.12 km in 2013, and the density of shallow trenches was 36.21 km / kg 路m ~ (-2). The variation of shallow furrow length can be divided into two categories: reduction and growth. The reduced shallow furrow accounts for 46.94. Most of the gullies are connected with the incisor head. The length of shallow gully is reduced because the rate of traceback erosion is higher than the growth rate of shallow furrow. According to the regression model of the length and volume of shallow ditch, the total erosion amount of 245shallow furrows based on image interpretation increased from 1 889.97 mm3 to 1 961.49 mm3 in 6 years, if the reduced volume of shallow ditch was not taken into account, the total amount of erosion increased from 1 889.97 mm3 to 1 961.49 mm3 in 6 years. The average annual growth rate of each shallow ditch is 0.20 mt3, and the average erosion rate of herbaceous cover is about 215 t/(km~2 / a.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学水土保持国家林业局重点实验室;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0501604-05) 国家自然科学基金项目(41671272)
【分类号】：S157.1

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