径流泥沙实时自动监测仪的研制

发布时间：2018-06-04 10:12

本文选题：土壤 + 侵蚀　；参考：《农业工程学报》2017年15期

【摘要】：针对径流泥沙过程监测仪缺乏和监测误差大的状况,研制了一种具有野外复杂条件下普遍适用的径流泥沙高精度实时自动监测仪,并建立了数据/站点管理云平台。该仪器从径流泥沙过程中提取驱动仪器运转的物理量并将其转换为测控信号,实现径流泥沙过程的实时自动监测;通过对仪器总体结构及各功能部件的优化设计,消减泥沙粘附和沉积,提高监测精度。通过标准泥沙样品验证了该仪器的适用性,结果表明该仪器监测的含沙量相对误差均值为3.67%,决定系数为0.997。土槽试验获取了径流过程中变幅较宽的径流量和含沙量的动态过程曲线。可见,该仪器不仅可以准确地监测径流泥沙过程,而且创新了水土流失监测技术和方法,推动了水土流失监测的自动化和信息化。
[Abstract]:In view of the lack of monitoring instrument for runoff and sediment process and the large monitoring error, a high precision real-time automatic monitoring instrument for runoff and sediment is developed, and the data / station management cloud platform is established. The instrument extracts the physical quantity that drives the operation of the instrument from the process of runoff and sediment and converts it into a signal of measurement and control to realize the real-time automatic monitoring of the process of runoff and sediment, and through the optimization design of the overall structure of the instrument and the various functional components, Reduce sediment adhesion and deposition, improve monitoring accuracy. The applicability of the instrument is verified by standard sediment samples. The results show that the mean relative error of sediment concentration monitored by the instrument is 3.67 and the determination coefficient is 0.997. The dynamic process curves of runoff and sediment content with wide amplitude in runoff were obtained by soil channel test. It can be seen that the instrument can not only accurately monitor runoff and sediment process, but also innovate the technology and method of soil erosion monitoring, and promote the automation and information of soil erosion monitoring.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;西安三智科技有限公司;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41371278;41503078) 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室重要方向创新项目(A314021403-C3)
【分类号】：S157;TP216

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