海河流域大清河土石山区不同空间尺度水沙关系分析

发布时间：2018-06-04 23:45

本文选题：大清河土石山区 + 空间尺度　；参考：《资源科学》2016年04期

【摘要】：以海河流域大清河土石山区为研究对象,探讨了微型径流小区、普通径流小区、微型小流域——万亩林、小流域——崇陵小流域与杨树沟、中大流域——拒马河上游与唐河上游5种空间尺度的水沙关系。结果表明,这5种空间尺度次降雨产沙模数与地表径流深均具有较强的线性正相关关系,并且可以用比例函数来拟合;小区及小流域尺度的产沙模数与次降雨量也有较好的线性正相关关系,而各尺度的产沙模数与平均降雨强度无明显相关性;在侧柏林、松树林、灌草地、荒地(有枯枝落叶覆盖)与裸地这几种土地利用方式中,裸地的产沙模数、径流系数最高,其次是荒地,侧柏林最小,且枯枝落叶覆盖能大大减少坡面水土流失;侧柏小区的产沙模数、径流系数均小于松树小区,其原因可能是侧柏的树冠截留较松树大;在小区尺度,侧柏、松树、灌草地与有枯枝落叶覆盖的荒地小区具有相近的水沙关系。因此,在大清河土石山区,植被覆盖可以通过减水来减沙。
[Abstract]:Taking the mountainous area of Daqing River in Haihe River Basin as the research object, this paper discusses the micro-runoff plot, ordinary runoff plot, micro-small watershed -10,000 mu forest, small watershed -Chongling small watershed and Yangshugou. The relationship between water and sediment on five spatial scales in the upper reaches of the-Juma River and the upper reaches of the Tang River. The results show that there is a strong linear positive correlation between the sediment yield modulus of the five spatial scales and the surface runoff depth, which can be fitted by the proportional function. There was also a good linear positive correlation between sediment yield modulus of small watershed and sub-rainfall, but there was no significant correlation between sediment yield modulus and average rainfall intensity in each scale, while in Berlin, pine forest, irrigated grassland, there was no significant correlation between sediment yield modulus and average rainfall intensity. In the wasteland (with litter cover) and bare land, bare land has the highest sediment yield modulus and runoff coefficient, followed by wasteland, and the litter cover can greatly reduce soil erosion on slope. The sediment yield modulus and runoff coefficient of Platycladus orientalis plot are smaller than that of pine plot, the reason may be that the crown interception of Platycladus orientalis is larger than that of pine tree, and on the plot scale, Platycladus orientalis, pine tree, The relationship between irrigated grassland and wasteland with litter mulch was similar. Therefore, vegetation cover can reduce sediment by reducing water in the mountainous area of Daqing River.
【作者单位】：河北科技大学经济管理学院;广东省生态环境与土壤研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(40901130) 河北省自然科学基金项目(10457205) 河北省高等学校青年拔尖人才项目(BJ2014078)
【分类号】：S157

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