中条山铜尾矿坝面土壤细菌群落的结构特征

发布时间：2018-06-09 13:23

本文选题：铜尾矿地 + 微生物群落　；参考：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：微生物在尾矿废弃地土壤发育、营养物质循环、有毒物质降解等生态恢复过程中发挥重要作用.采用Illumina Mi Seq测序的方法,分析中条山十八河尾矿废弃地不同恢复阶段(1-45年)的细菌群落结构,并结合植物群落、土壤理化性质和土壤酶活性,探讨细菌群落结构与功能变化的调控机制.结果表明,不同恢复年限的尾矿坝,土壤理化性质、土壤酶活性和植物群落结构发生梯度变化.在这一环境梯度下,不同恢复年限的细菌群落结构具有显著差异,其中优势细菌主要有变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、放线菌门(Actinobacteri)、厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)和拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes).细菌群落组成与环境因子和植物群落多样性显著相关.细菌优势科的相对丰度主要与重金属(Cu、Mn、Pb、Zn)含量相关,鞘脂单胞菌科(Sphingomonadaceae)的相对丰度与重金属(Cd、Cu、Pb、Zn)含量极显著正相关.恢复45年、15年的土壤中细菌多样性最高,且群落组成相似,恢复1年的土壤中细菌丰度较高,而多样性最低.本研究表明,土壤理化因子、重金属含量和植物群落结构是造成土壤中细菌群落结构变化的关键因素;鞘脂单胞菌科对重金属具有一定的耐受性,因此可作为重金属污染区域生态恢复的理想菌种.
[Abstract]:Microorganisms play an important role in soil development, nutrient cycling and toxic degradation in tailings wasteland. By using Illumina Mi Seq sequencing method, the bacterial community structure in different restoration stages of the tailings wasteland in Zhongtiaoshan was analyzed, and combined with plant community, soil physical and chemical properties and soil enzyme activity. To explore the regulation mechanism of the change of bacterial community structure and function. The results showed that the soil physical and chemical properties, soil enzyme activity and plant community structure of tailings dam with different restoration years had gradient changes. Under this environmental gradient, the community structure of bacteria with different restoration years was significantly different, among which the dominant bacteria were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriae, Firmicutesand Bacteroidetes. Bacterial community composition was significantly correlated with environmental factors and plant community diversity. The relative abundance of the dominant family of bacteria was mainly related to the content of heavy metal CuMnMnPbZN), and the relative abundance of Sphingomonas sphingomonas was significantly positively correlated with the content of the heavy metal CuPbZn. After 45 years and 15 years of restoration, the bacterial diversity was the highest in the soil and the community composition was similar. The soil recovered for one year had higher bacterial abundance and the lowest diversity. The results showed that soil physicochemical factors, heavy metal content and plant community structure were the key factors for the change of bacterial community structure in soil, and the sphingomonas family had some tolerance to heavy metals. Therefore, it can be used as an ideal strain for ecological restoration in heavy metal polluted areas.
【作者单位】：山西大学生物技术研究所;山西大学黄土高原研究所;山西财经大学环境经济学院;
【基金】：山西省科技攻关项目(20150313001-3) 山西省回国留学人员科研项目(2012-059) 国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(31600308)资助~~
【分类号】：S154.36

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