沈阳市郊区30年耕层土壤碱解氮的时空变异特征——以沈阳市苏家屯区为例

发布时间：2018-06-12 01:08

本文选题：大城市边缘区 + 土壤碱解氮　；参考：《沈阳农业大学学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：研究大城市郊区耕层土壤碱解氮的时空变异特征,为土壤肥力的评价和管理提供科学指导。采用GIS技术与地统计学相结合方法,以辽宁省沈阳市苏家屯区为例,利用野外土壤调查数据,对1980、2000和2010年3期土壤碱解氮进行时空变异特征分析,结果表明:1980年土壤碱解氮含量等级主要集中在V级,占总面积47.3%,分布于临湖街道和永乐乡,整体呈现中部高,南北低的分布格局;到2000年,土壤碱解氮含量也主要集中在IV级和V级,分别占总面积57.0%和37.3%,IV级的面积有所扩大,主要分布于王纲堡乡、永乐乡的中部、北部和临湖街道的南部,与2000年相比,研究区域普遍上升范围为0~15mg·kg~(-1),包括临湖街道、王纲堡乡的东部和永乐乡的中部、北部,出现下降的区域主要是在王纲堡乡的中部和西部地区,其中西部地区下降范围达到大于15mg·kg~(-1)以上;到2010年,土壤碱解氮含量等级主要集中在III级和IV级,分别占总面积60.1%和23.6%,其中III级主要分布于王纲堡乡的中南部和永乐乡的大部分区域,IV级主要分布于临湖街道和王纲堡乡的北部,与2000年相比,碱解氮含量普遍上升,上升范围在0~15mg·kg~(-1)和15~30mg·kg~(-1)之间,上升范围较大是王纲堡乡和永乐乡;从总体上来看,研究区域在时间上,近30年研究区域碱解氮含量整体趋于上升。在空间上,土壤碱解氮含量分异明显,耕地资源的空间结构趋于复杂,且离城市越远,碱解氮增加的幅度相应也会大些,而这种时空变异特征与大城市边缘区农业生产者的经营行为差异密切相关,也为该区域耕地资源合理配置、科学管理等带来新的挑战。
[Abstract]:In order to provide scientific guidance for evaluation and management of soil fertility, the characteristics of spatial and temporal variability of alkaline nitrogen in topsoil in the suburbs of big cities were studied. Using GIS and geostatistics as an example, the spatial and temporal variability of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in three periods (1980 ~ 2000 and 2010) in Sujiatun, Shenyang, Liaoning Province was analyzed by using field soil survey data. The results showed that in 1980, the soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen grade was mainly concentrated in V grade, accounting for 47.3% of the total area, and distributed in the streets of Linhu Lake and Yongle Township. The overall distribution pattern was high in the middle, low in the north and south, and low in the north and south by the year 2000. Soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content was also mainly concentrated in grade IV and grade V, accounting for 57.0% and 37.3% of the total area of grade IV respectively, which were mainly distributed in Wang Gang Bao Township, the central part of Yongle Township, the north part and the southern part of the street near Lake, compared with 2000. The study area generally increased from 0~15mg KGG to 1, including the streets near the lake, the eastern part of Wang Gangbao Township and the central and northern parts of Yongle Township. The areas where the decline occurred were mainly in the central and western areas of Wangguangbao Township. The decrease range of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in the western region was greater than that of 15mg KG-1), and by 2010, the soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen levels were mainly in grade III and grade IV. Among them, grade III is mainly distributed in the central and southern parts of Wang Gang Bao Township and in most areas of Yongle Township. Grade IV is mainly distributed in the streets near Lake and the northern part of Wang Gangbao Township. Compared with 2000, the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen has generally increased. The rising range is between 0~15mg KGG (-1) and 15~30mg (KGQ) -1), the rising range is Wang Gang Bao Xiang and Yongle Township, and in general, the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen in the study area tends to rise in the past 30 years. In space, the difference of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content is obvious, the spatial structure of cultivated land resources tends to be complex, and the farther away from the city, the larger the range of soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increase will be. This spatio-temporal variation is closely related to the difference in the management behavior of agricultural producers in the marginal areas of big cities, which also brings new challenges to the rational allocation of cultivated land resources and scientific management in the region.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学经济管理学院;沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(71503174,71373127,71503113) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300210) 中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目(2016T90229);中国博士后科学基金项目(2014M551127) 辽宁省社会科学规划基金项目(L15BJY037) 2015年辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划项目(2015049)
【分类号】：S158

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