降雨对施用两种尿素坡地氮素空间分布的影响

发布时间：2018-06-12 11:35

本文选题：模拟降雨 + 种类型土壤　；参考：《土壤》2016年06期

【摘要】：采用自动模拟降雨系统,设置恒定降雨强度,在室内对施用普通尿素和树脂包膜控释尿素的土槽进行模拟降雨试验。通过模拟降雨试验,比较研究了降雨对施用两种尿素的坡地氮素空间分布及氮素流失特征影响。研究结果表明:树脂包膜控释尿素在棕壤、褐土及红壤坡地上施用,均能显著减小降雨对坡地氮素空间分布的影响;与普通尿素相比,模拟降雨后,树脂包膜控释尿素处理的3种类型土壤坡地氮素残余量变异系数为普通尿素的14.08%~31.89%;且树脂包膜控释尿素显著缩小了降雨对3种类型土壤坡地表层与下层氮素空间分布影响间的差异;树脂包膜控释尿素在3种类型土壤坡地上施用均能减少降雨造成的氮素流失,与普通尿素施用相比,氮素流失分别减少了7.32%~17.35%(P0.05)、17.95%~24.24%(P0.05)、72.45%~78.84%(P0.01);同时,树脂包膜控释尿素还能减小降雨造成的坡地表层与下层氮素流失量间的差异,下层坡面氮素损失量仅比表层增加1.63%~5.02%。因此,降雨条件下,在坡地上施用树脂包膜尿素有利于控制氮素的分布失衡及流失。
[Abstract]:An automatic rainfall simulation system with constant rainfall intensity was used to simulate rainfall in soil tanks with common urea and resin coated controlled release urea. The effects of rainfall on nitrogen spatial distribution and nitrogen loss characteristics of slope land with two kinds of urea were studied by simulated rainfall experiment. The results showed that the effects of rainfall on nitrogen spatial distribution in sloping land were significantly reduced by applying controlled release urea coated with resin on brown soil, cinnamon soil and red soil. The coefficient of variation of nitrogen residue in three types of soils treated with resin coated controlled release urea was 14.08% of common urea and 31.89% of that of common urea, and resin coated controlled release urea significantly reduced the nitrogen spatial distribution between the surface and lower layers of three types of soil sloping land treated by resin coated controlled release urea. The difference of cloth influence; Application of resin coated controlled-release urea on three types of soil sloping fields can reduce the nitrogen loss caused by rainfall. Compared with common urea application, nitrogen loss decreases 7.32% ~ 17.35% P 0.05 ~ (17.95) ~ 24.244.24% ~ 72.45% ~ 78.84% P0.01, respectively. Resin coated controlled release urea can also reduce the difference between surface and lower layer nitrogen loss caused by rainfall. The nitrogen loss on lower slope is only 1.63% and 5.02% higher than that of surface layer. Therefore, the application of resin coated urea on slope land was beneficial to control the imbalance of nitrogen distribution and loss under rainfall conditions.
【作者单位】：土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室;山东省腐植酸高效利用工程技术研究中心山东农大肥业科技有限公司;山东农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：国家科技部“渤海粮仓科技示范工程”项目(2013BAD05B00) 山东省自主创新专项(2014ZZCX07302)资助
【分类号】：S153

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