“多规合一”背景下鹰潭市城市周边永久基本农田划定研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 05:03

本文选题：永久基本农田 + 城市周边　；参考：《江西农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：耕地资源作为我国最宝贵的资源,是人类生存和发展的基础。2017年1月,中共中央、国务院印发的《关于加强耕地保护和改进占补平衡的意见》中指出:加强耕地数量、质量、生态“三位一体”保护,要像保护大熊猫一样保护耕地,必须坚守18亿亩耕地红线不突破,坚持最严格的耕地保护制度,严格划定永久基本农田并实行特殊保护。但是近年来,城镇化与工业化的速度越来越快,经济持续快速增长,城市发展与耕地保护的矛盾越来越尖锐。由于缺乏新型城镇化的理念,在城市发展过程中,片面追求经济发展,不少优质耕地被频繁占用,造成了大量优质耕地资源低效利用与浪费,这一矛盾在城市周边更加突出。为此,2015年3月,国土资源部、农业部联合下发《关于切实做好106个重点城市周边永久基本农田划定工作有关事项的通知》(国土资厅发[2015]14号)中特别指出:根据已有的工作基础,优先将城镇周边以及交通沿线易被占用的优质连片耕地划入永久基本农田,并充分结合城市开发边界、生态保护红线共同划定城市周边永久基本农田,引导各地向卫星式、组团式、串联式的新型城镇化发展的方向迈进。本文以城市周边永久基本农田划定为背景,以全面合理划定永久基本农田为切入点,从永久基本农田优质集中的要求与生态保护、城市经济发展之间的矛盾入手,在“多规合一”的背景下,进一步探讨城市周边永久基本农田的划定方法。在构建耕地综合质量评价指标体系的基础上,通过协调永久基本农田控制线与生态保护红线及城市开发边界之间的矛盾,最终实现城市周边永久基本农田的科学划定,并以鹰潭市为例进行了实证研究,研究结果表明:(1)本文通过对永久基本农田保护面临的压力以及功能分析,探讨了永久基本农田的内涵,并在此基础上,建立了永久基本农田划定的理论体系,提出永久基本农田的划定既要保证耕地的优质集中,同时也要与生态环境保护、城市发展相协调。(2)本文提出了城市周边永久基本农田划定的四个关键点:数量上,主要依据相关政策文件中的要求,并结合研究区实际情况后确定永久基本农田的数量目标;质量上,在耕地自然质量和连片条件评价的基础上,引入“综合等别”的概念,依据耕地图斑占连片地块的比例确定基本农田综合等别;集中连片度上,在ArcGIS平台上,通过设定连片阈值,采用缓冲区分析法确定研究区耕地连片地块面积大小,以此判定基本农田集中连片条件;空间布局上,协调分析永久基本农田与生态控制线及城市开发边界的矛盾,一方面,遵循优先保护生态安全原则,对生态控制线内的基本农田进行调出处理。另一方面,城市开发边界与永久基本农田的矛盾,按照优先落实耕地保护目标,同时遵循城市集中发展原则,依据永久基本农田核实举证要求,对基本农田进行调入调出处理,最终确定城市周边永久基本农田的划定方案。(3)本文以ArcGIS为技术手段,对城市周边耕地自然质量、连片条件以及综合质量进行了评定。耕地自然质量评价主要依据农用地分等规程及相关研究,选取土壤类型、土壤质地、有机质含量、地形坡度、灌溉保证率、排水条件六项指标构建了耕地自然质量评价体系,其中指标属性采用克里金插值与重分类法获取,权重采用特尔斐法获得;耕地连片条件评价主要以确定的20 m连片阈值,采用ArcGIS的Buffer功能进行缓冲区分析,以此得到耕地的连片地块与连片面积;在耕地自然质量与连片条件评价的基础上,依据耕地图斑占连片地块的比例,引入“综合等别”的概念,以此进行综合质量等别的划分。评价结果显示:鹰潭市城市周边耕地总面积为5436.84hm2,其中耕地自然质量I级耕地面积为672.33 hm2,II级耕地面积为1556.16 hm2,III级耕地面积为1125.40 hm2,IV级耕地面积为1449.86 hm2,V级耕地面积的633.09hm2;耕地连片地块个数为392个,最大连片面积为826.44 hm2,最小连片面积为0.04hm2;耕地综合等别介于1-5等之间。(4)本文以鹰潭市为研究区域,开展了城市周边永久基本农田划定的实证分析。首先,在科学评价耕地综合质量的基础上,以综合等别由小到大及限制最小连片地块面积确定永久基本农田的初步划定成果;并在“多规合一”的背景下,通过协调永久基本农田控制线与生态控制线、城市开发边界的矛盾,对永久基本农田进行调入调出处理,最终形成了城市周边永久农田划定成果方案。结果显示:永久基本农田初步划定面积为3368.02 hm2,连片地块为16个,综合等别介于1和3.83之间,连片地块面积介于21.77 hm2和826.44 hm2之间。通过“多规合一”矛盾分析,调入面积为678.20hm2,调出的面积为721.59 hm2,其中因为生态控制线重叠而调出的面积为28.70 hm2;因城市开发边界调出的面积为667.82 hm2;因布局优化调出面积为24.07 hm2。最终划定的鹰潭市城市周边永久基本农田面积为3325.63 hm2,保护率为61.17%,在数量上严格落实了鹰潭市城市周边永久基本农田保护目标的3262.1 hm2,即多划了63.53hm2。(5)本文从数量、质量、连片条件及空间分布四个方面,通过对比上一轮土地利用总体规划中确定的基本农田,对此次划定的永久基本农田进行了合理性分析。分析结果显示,永久基本农田划定结果更趋于合理,在数量上,永久基本农田比规划基本农田多划了354.10 hm2,保护率提高了6.51%,满足了鹰潭市城市周边永久基本农田保护指标;质量上,综合等别在4级以上的耕地综合质量相对较差的耕地未被划入永久基本农田,同时综合等别为1-3等的基本农田比例都有所上升,即永久基永久基本农田相比于规划基本农田,将更高质量的耕地划入基本农田,体现了永久基本农田划定的“划优不划劣”的目标;连片条件上,永久基本农田连片地块为29个,最大连片地块面积为752.33 hm2,最小连片地块面积为21.07 hm2,规划基本农田耕地连片地块为107个,最大连片地块面积为553.13 hm2,最小连片地块面积为0.04 hm2,永久基本农田的连片程度较规划基本农田有了一定程度的提高,体现了永久基本农田划定的“划整不划零”的目标;空间分布上,永久基本农田更为合理,既遵循了生态保护、耕地保护优先的原则,同时预留了城市经济发展的合理空间。
[Abstract]:As the most valuable resource in China, arable land is the basis of human survival and development in January. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the State Council issued the opinion on strengthening the protection and improvement of cultivated land, pointed out that the protection of the trinity of cultivated land, quality and ecology should be strengthened, and the protection of cultivated land, like the protection of giant pandas, must be held to 18. 18 There is no breakthrough in the red line of arable land, the strictest farmland protection system is adhered to, and the permanent basic farmland is strictly delimited and special protection is carried out. However, in recent years, the speed of urbanization and industrialization is getting faster and faster, the economy continues to grow rapidly, the contradiction between urban development and cultivated land protection is becoming more and more acute. In the course of development, one sided pursuit of economic development, a lot of high quality cultivated land is frequently occupied, resulting in a large number of high-quality cultivated land resources inefficient use and waste, this contradiction is more prominent around the city. For this reason, in March 2015, the Ministry of land and resources, the Ministry of agriculture jointly issued < about 106 key cities perimeter permanent basic farmland delimit work According to the existing work basis, the notice of the relevant matters ([2015]14) of the Department of homeland capital (HLC) indicates that, according to the existing work basis, priority will be given to the perimeter of the town and the easily occupied high quality plowing land along the traffic line into permanent basic farmland, and the urban development boundary is fully combined, and the red line of the ecological protection is used to delimit the permanent basic farmland around the city and guide the various parts of the city. This paper takes the satellite, group, and series type of new urbanization development direction. This paper takes the permanent basic farmland around the city as the background, in order to fully and reasonably delimit the permanent basic farmland as the breakthrough point, starting with the contradiction between the requirements of the high quality concentration of the permanent basic farmland, the ecological protection and the urban economic development, in the "multi regulation one" On the basis of the construction of comprehensive quality evaluation index system of cultivated land, by coordinating the contradiction between the permanent basic farmland control line and the ecological protection red line and the urban development boundary, the scientific demarcation of the permanent basic farmland around the city is finally realized, and Yingtan is finally realized, on the basis of the construction of the comprehensive quality evaluation index system of the cultivated land. The results show that: (1) through the analysis of the pressure and function of permanent basic farmland protection, the connotation of permanent basic farmland is discussed. On this basis, the theory system of permanent basic farmland delimit is established, and the definition of permanent basic farmland should not only ensure the quality of the cultivated land, but also ensure the quality of the cultivated land. At the same time, we should also coordinate with the ecological environment protection and urban development. (2) this paper puts forward four key points for the delimit of permanent basic farmland around the city: the quantity, according to the requirements in the relevant policy documents, and the quantitative target of the permanent basic farmland based on the actual situation of the study area; quality, the natural quality and strip of the cultivated land. On the basis of the evaluation, the concept of "comprehensive equivalence" was introduced and the basic farmland was determined on the basis of the proportion of ploughing map spots in the continuous plots. On the ArcGIS platform, the area size of the plot plots of cultivated land in the study area was determined by setting the threshold value and the buffer zone analysis method was used to determine the concentration of the basic farmland. On the other hand, the contradiction between the urban development boundary and the permanent basic farmland, on the other hand, the contradiction between the urban development boundary and the permanent basic farmland, on the other hand, in accordance with the priority of the protection of the cultivated land. At the same time, according to the principle of urban centralized development, according to the verification requirements of the permanent basic farmland, the basic farmland is adjusted and processed, and the delimiting scheme of the permanent basic farmland around the city is determined. (3) this paper takes ArcGIS as the technical means to evaluate the self quality of the cultivated land around the city, the continuous conditions and the comprehensive quality. The land natural quality evaluation mainly based on the agricultural land classification regulations and related research, selected soil type, soil texture, organic matter content, terrain slope, irrigation guarantee rate and drainage condition six indexes to construct the cultivated land natural quality evaluation system, among which the index attributes were obtained by Kerrey gold interpolation and heavy classification method, and the weight was obtained by Delphi method. In order to obtain the 20 m serial threshold of cultivated land, the ArcGIS Buffer function was used to analyze the land block and the area of continuous cropland. On the basis of the evaluation of the natural quality and connection conditions of the cultivated land, the concept of "comprehensive equal difference" was introduced according to the proportion of the ploughed map spots in the continuous plots. The evaluation results show that the total area of arable land around Yingtan city is 5436.84hm2, in which the natural quality of cultivated land is 672.33 Hm2, the area of II arable land is 1556.16 Hm2, the area of III grade arable land is 1125.40 Hm2, the area of IV grade is 1449.86 Hm2, the V grade of cultivated land is 633.09hm2; the cultivated land is continuous. The number of blocks is 392, the largest continuous area is 826.44 Hm2, the minimum area is 0.04hm2, and the comprehensive cultivated land is between 1-5 and so on. (4) this paper takes Yingtan as the research area, and carries out an empirical analysis of the permanent basic farmland delimit around the city. Under the background of "multi regulation", the contradiction between the permanent basic farmland control line and the ecological control line, the contradiction of the urban development boundary, the permanent basic farmland is transferred and processed in the context of "multi compliance". Finally, the result of the permanent farmland surrounding the city is formed. The result showed that the area of permanent basic farmland was preliminarily delimited by 3368.02 Hm2, and the plot plots were 16, and the total area was between 1 and 3.83. The area of the plot was between 21.77 hm2 and 826.44 hm2. The area was 678.20hm2 and the area was 721.59 hm2 through the "multi gauge one" contradiction analysis, which was due to the overlap of the ecological control line. The area is 28.70 Hm2, and the area of the urban development boundary is 667.82 hm2; the permanent basic farmland area around Yingtan city is 3325.63 hm2 and the protection rate is 61.17% because of the optimization and adjustment of the area of 24.07 hm2.. The number of the permanent basic farmland protection targets around the city of Yingtan city is strictly implemented in the number of 326. 2.1 Hm2, that is, 63.53hm2. (5), this article from the quantity, quality, connection conditions and spatial distribution of four aspects, through the comparison of the basic farmland defined in the overall planning of the last round of land use, the reasonableness analysis of the established permanent basic farmland is carried out. The results show that the result of the permanent basic farmland delimit is more reasonable, and the number of the permanent basic farmland is more reasonable. On the other hand, the permanent basic farmland is 354.10 hm2 more than the planned basic farmland, and the protection rate is increased by 6.51%, which meets the permanent basic farmland protection index of Yingtan city. The proportion of the farmland is rising, that is, the permanent basic farmland is compared to the basic farmland, and the higher quality arable land is divided into the basic farmland, which embodies the goal of "delimiting the advantages and not the inferior" of the permanent basic farmland. On the continuous condition, the permanent basic farmland block is 29, the largest continuous plot area is 752.33 Hm2, and the smallest serial is connected. The area of the massif is 21.07 Hm2, and there are 107 plot plots in the basic farmland. The area of the largest continuous plots is 553.13 hm2 and the area of the smallest continuous plot is 0.04 hm2. The continuous basic farmland has a certain degree of improvement over the planned basic farmland, which embodies the goal of "delimiting the zero" of the permanent basic farmland. The distribution of permanent basic farmland is more reasonable, which not only follows the principle of ecological protection and priority protection of cultivated land, but also reserves reasonable space for urban economic development.
【学位授予单位】：江西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F323.211

【参考文献】