模拟降雨下纳米碳对风沙土硝态氮迁移特征的影响

发布时间：2018-06-14 20:34

本文选题：纳米碳 + 模拟降雨　；参考：《水土保持学报》2017年06期

【摘要】：通过在神木六道沟流域开展模拟降雨试验,分别在试验小区上、中、下位置条施不同施加量的纳米碳(0.0%,0.1%,0.5%,0.7%和1.0%)研究其对硝态氮随径流、泥沙迁移及在土壤中再分布过程的影响。设计1.0m×1.0m降雨小区,前期在土壤表层以下5—10cm埋入不同施加量纳米碳,另设不施加纳米碳的小区为参照。采用针孔式人工模拟降雨器进行模拟降雨,降雨强度为90mm/h,降雨历时为40min。降雨前后分别采集土壤剖面土样,降雨过程中定时收集径流及泥沙,用以研究纳米碳对于硝态氮迁移过程的影响。结果表明,在土壤中施加纳米碳,可有效减少坡面产流产沙量,且累计径流量、累计产沙量与土壤中纳米碳施加量呈现负相关关系;纳米碳的施加同样可降低径流、泥沙中硝态氮含量,随着纳米碳施加量的增加,径流和泥沙中硝态氮流失量减少,纳米碳施加量为1.0%时,可减少径流中硝态氮流失65.3%,泥沙中硝态氮流失85.7%;土壤剖面硝态氮变化对比表明,施加纳米碳处理中表层硝态氮含量明显低于对照处理,且在10—15cm出现硝态氮含量峰值,均大于对照处理。通过等效径流迁移深度分析硝态氮流失情况,无纳米碳施加处理的EDR最大,随着纳米碳施加量的增加,各处理的EDR依次减小。综上,在黄绵土中施加纳米碳,可有效减少土壤硝态氮的流失量,在黄土区土壤中施加纳米碳并提高施入纳米碳的比例,对于该地区硝态氮流失的治理具有积极作用。
[Abstract]:By carrying out simulated rainfall experiments in the Shenmu six channel Valley, the effects of different amounts of carbon nanoscale (0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 0.7% and 1%) on the nitrate nitrogen with runoff, sediment transport and redistribution in the soil were studied on the experimental plots, middle and lower locations, respectively. The 1.0m 1.0m rainfall plot was designed to be 5 to 10 below the soil surface in the early stage. Cm is embedded with different amounts of carbon nanoscale, and a plot with no nano carbon is used as a reference. The simulated rainfall is simulated with a pinhole artificial rainfall simulator. The rainfall intensity is 90mm/h. The soil profiles are collected before and after the rainfall of 40min.. The runoff and sediment are collected during the rainfall process, so as to study the migration of carbon nanoparticles to nitrate nitrogen. The results show that the application of nano carbon in the soil can effectively reduce the runoff and sediment yield on the slope, and the cumulative runoff, the cumulative sediment yield is negatively correlated with the amount of carbon nanoscale in the soil, and the application of nanoscale can also reduce the runoff, the content of nitrate nitrogen in the sediment, and the increase of the amount of carbon nanoscale, runoff and sediment When the loss of nitrate nitrogen is reduced, the nitrate nitrogen loss in runoff can be reduced by 65.3% and the nitrate nitrogen loss in sediment is 85.7%. The change of nitrate nitrogen in soil profile shows that the content of nitrate nitrogen in the surface layer is obviously lower than that of the control, and the peak of nitrate nitrogen content in the 10 to 15cm is higher than that of the control. According to the analysis of the loss of nitrate nitrogen by the equivalent runoff migration depth, the EDR is the largest without the application of nano carbon. With the increase of the amount of carbon nanoscale, the EDR in each treatment decreases in turn. In a word, the amount of carbon in the soil can be applied in the soil of the yellow soil, which can effectively reduce the loss of soil nitrate nitrogen, and apply nano carbon in the soil of the loess region and improve the application of nano carbon. The proportion of carbon plays a positive role in the management of nitrate loss in this area.
【作者单位】：西安理工大学西北旱区生态水利工程国家重点实验室培育基地;中科院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51239009;41371239) 陕西省科技支撑项目(2013KJXX-38) 陕西省自然科学基金项目(2015JQ5161) 西安理工大学特色研究计划项目(2016TS013)
【分类号】：S157.1

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