黏虫赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂对柞蚕卵的共寄生及协同繁育研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 08:40

本文选题：赤眼蜂 + 柞蚕卵　；参考：《吉林农业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：柞蚕卵是我国人工大量繁育赤眼蜂的特色优势资源,但因柞蚕卵可繁育优势赤眼蜂种类过少,而极大限制了许多优势赤眼蜂种类的生产和推广应用。初步研究结果表明,从大豆食心虫卵采集的黏虫赤眼蜂可成功寄生柞蚕卵并完成发育,且有少量个体可以穿破卵壳正常出蜂。本研究主要以松毛虫赤眼蜂和黏虫赤眼蜂为研究对象,通过测定并观察不同条件下松毛虫赤眼蜂和黏虫赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵的各项生物学参数,明确松毛虫赤眼蜂和黏虫赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵的互作机制及其在协同繁育上的应用。研究的主要结果如下:1、接蜂方式对黏虫赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵的影响黏虫赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵时,同期接蜂的寄生率明显高于错期接蜂,两种赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵的单卵黏虫赤眼蜂总蜂数和单卵黏虫赤眼蜂出蜂数,均在同期接蜂时高于错期接蜂。因此,在开发一卵多蜂产品时,应采取同期接蜂的方式。此外,当2头黏虫赤眼蜂单独寄生柞蚕卵时,同时接蜂24h寄生的柞蚕卵28.6%可以正常羽化出蜂,而错期各寄生12h的寄生卵未见羽化出蜂。在提供1粒柞蚕卵的情况下,1头松毛虫赤眼蜂和5头黏虫赤眼蜂混合接蜂时,单卵黏虫赤眼蜂出蜂数为8.8头,与1头松毛虫赤眼蜂和1头黏虫赤眼蜂混合接蜂处理无显著差异;但松毛虫赤眼蜂、黏虫赤眼蜂、柞蚕卵以5:25:5数量接蜂时,其寄生率高达98%,羽化率为81.6%,单卵黏虫赤眼蜂总蜂数和出蜂数分别为42.1、26.7头。2、环境条件对黏虫赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵的影响当松毛虫赤眼蜂和黏虫赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵时,23-26℃条件下,寄生率高达90%,其寄生率随温度的升高表现出下降的趋势。26℃条件下的平均单卵黏虫赤眼蜂的出蜂数最多(3.5头),显著高于23℃下的出蜂数。因此开发一卵多蜂产品的最适宜接蜂温度为26℃。此外,黏虫赤眼蜂偏好于在相对较低温度条件下寄生柞蚕卵,在温度20℃的条件下,其单独寄生柞蚕卵的寄生率可达53.3%,羽化率达43.8%。当两种赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵时,在相对湿度50%和80%条件下,赤眼蜂的寄生率、羽化率、单卵总蜂数和单卵出蜂数较高,特别是在相对湿度80%条件下,其单卵黏虫赤眼蜂总蜂数达9.6头,单卵黏虫赤眼蜂出蜂数达6.9头,明显高于相对湿度50%和60%处理。开发一卵多蜂产品的最适宜接蜂相对湿度为80%。此外,黏虫赤眼蜂偏好在高湿条件下寄生柞蚕卵,在相对湿度90%的条件下,其单独寄生柞蚕卵的寄生率可达83.3%,羽化率达32%。当两种赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵时,在接蜂的24h中,光照时间越长,各项生物学指标越高,光照时间在19-24h时,其寄生率高达93.3%,光照时间24h时,其羽化率可达96.4%,单卵黏虫赤眼蜂总蜂数和出蜂数分别为9.2头、6.3头,明显高于24h全部黑暗处理。开发一卵多蜂产品时的适宜接蜂光照条件为L24:D0 h。此外,黏虫赤眼蜂偏好于在光照时间居中的条件下寄生柞蚕卵,在光照时间为10-14h时,其单独寄生柞蚕卵的寄生率可达83.3%,羽化率达33.3%,单卵黏虫赤眼蜂出蜂数为13.1头。3、柞蚕卵协同繁育的两种赤眼蜂对靶标害虫生防潜能研究结果表明,米蛾卵和柞蚕卵繁育的松毛虫赤眼蜂或黏虫赤眼蜂对黏虫卵的寄生能力不存在明显差异。总的来看,柞蚕卵繁育的松毛虫赤眼蜂24h寄生黏虫卵42.3粒明显高于黏虫赤眼蜂。此外,两种不同中间寄主繁育的两种赤眼蜂在黏虫卵上的寄生能力及发育适合度,结果发现,不同的中间繁殖寄主对两种赤眼蜂在黏虫卵上的羽化率、后代雌蜂比率和发育历期影响不大。研究证明,柞蚕卵协同繁育的赤眼蜂与米蛾卵繁育的赤眼蜂对靶标害虫具有相似的防治潜能。通过比较不同条件下黏虫赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂共寄生柞蚕卵的生物学参数,研究结果初步表明,松毛虫赤眼蜂、黏虫赤眼蜂和柞蚕卵按照1:5:1比例同期接蜂,环境条件控制为温度26℃、相对湿度80%、光照L24:D0 h是协同繁育黏虫赤眼蜂和松毛虫赤眼蜂的适宜条件。
[Abstract]:Antheraea pernyi egg is the dominant resource of artificial multiplication of Trichogramma in China. However, there are too few species of Trichogramma due to the breeding advantage of tussah eggs, which greatly restricts the production and application of many dominant species of Trichogramma. Preliminary results show that the Trichogramma tricusperdum can successfully parasitism and develop the ooplastic eggs. A small amount of individuals can be worn out of the egg shell. This study mainly uses the pine caterpillar Trichogramma and the Trichogramma tricuspid, by measuring and observing the biological parameters of the parasitic tussah eggs of Dendrolimus Trichogramma and Trichogramma tricuspid in different conditions, and the parasitic tussah eggs of Dendrolimus Trichogramma and Trichogramma tricuspid Interaction mechanism and its application in cooperative breeding. The main results are as follows: 1, the parasitoids parasitic on the eggs of Trichogramma tricuspid and Dendrolimus Trichogramma parasitized on the eggs of Trichogramma tricuspid and Dendrolimus tricuspid in the same period, the parasitism of the same period wasp was significantly higher than that of the mistletoe, and the two species of Trichogramma parasitized the tussah eggs. The number of total wasps and monozygote Trichogramma number of monozygote and monozygote wasp were higher than that of the wrong period. Therefore, the same period should be adopted when developing the monozygotic bee products. In addition, when 2 Trichogramma parasitoids parasitic on Tussah eggs alone, 28.6% of the tussah eggs sent by the 24h of the wasp can normally be feathered out of the wasp and at the wrong date. The parasitic eggs of each parasitic 12h were not found. In the case of 1 Antheraea pernyi eggs, the number of Trichogramma tricuspid wasp was 8.8, and there were no significant differences with 1 pine caterpillar Trichogramma and 1 Trichogramma tricuspid, but pine caterpillar Trichogramma and Trichogramma Trichogramma, when the 1 pine caterpillar Trichogramma and 5 tricuspid tricuspid were mixed with the wasp. The parasitism of Antheraea pernyi eggs is up to 98%, the parasitism rate is as high as 98%, the emergence rate is 81.6%, the number and number of the total wasp of the monoostrum tricuspid are 42.1,26.7.2 respectively. The environmental conditions have parasitized the eggs of the Trichogramma and Dendrolimus Trichogramma parasitized when the pine caterpillar Trichogramma and the Trichogramma Trichogramma parasitized the tussah eggs at 23-26. The parasitism rate was up to 90%, and the parasitism rate decreased with the increase of temperature. The average number of monosid Trichogramma Trichogramma was most (3.5) at.26 C, which was significantly higher than the number of wasps at 23 degrees C. Therefore, the optimum temperature for the development of the monozygotic bee products was 26. Under the condition of temperature 20 C, the parasitism of the parasitic Antheraea pernyi egg can reach 53.3%. The emergence rate is up to 43.8%.. When two species of Trichogramma are parasitized in the tussah eggs, the parasitism rate, the emergence rate, the number of monozygote and the number of monozygotic wasps are higher under the condition of relative humidity 50% and 80%, especially under the condition of relative humidity 80%, The number of total wasps of monoyse tricuspid wasp reached 9.6, and the number of Trichogramma Trichogramma was 6.9, which was significantly higher than the relative humidity of 50% and 60%. The most suitable relative humidity for the development of monozygotic bee products was 80%., and the Trichogramma Trichogramma preferred to parasitism of tussah eggs under the condition of high humidity. Under the condition of relative humidity 90%, it parasitized the tussah eggs alone. The parasitism rate is up to 83.3%, the emergence rate reaches 32%., when two species of Trichogramma parasitized tussah eggs, in the 24h of the wasp, the longer the light time is, the higher the biological index is, the parasitic rate is up to 93.3% when the light time is 19-24h, the emergence rate can reach 96.4% when the light time is 24h, and the number of total wasps and the number of wasps of monozygote Trichogramma are 9.2, 6.3, respectively. The head is obviously higher than all dark treatments of 24h. The suitable illumination condition for the development of the monozygotic bee products is L24:D0 h.. In addition, the Trichogramma Trichogramma prefers to parasitism of tussah eggs under the medium of light time. When the light time is 10-14h, the parasitic rate of the single parasitic tussah egg can reach 83.3%, the emergence rate is 33.3%, and the monozygotic Trichogramma Trichogramma The results of the study on the biocontrol potential of two species of Trichogramma of tussah eggs with 13.1 heads of.3 and two species of Trichogramma of tussah eggs showed that the parasitism of the Trichogramma tricuspid or the tricuspid tricuspid of the Antheraea pernyi eggs had no significant difference to the parasitic ability of the egg. In addition, the parasitic egg of the Dendrolimus Trichogramma, the parasite of the pine caterpillar of the Antheraea pernyi, was 42.3 seeds of the parasitic egg of the parasite. In addition, the parasitism and developmental fitness of two species of Trichogramma on the eggs of two different intermediate hosts were found. The results showed that the percentage of the two species of Trichogramma on the eggs of the two species of Trichogramma was not affected by the ratio of female to female and development period. Trichogramma and Trichogramma have similar control potential to target pests. By comparing the biological parameters of Trichogramma Trichogramma and Dendrolimus Trichogramma parasitized under different conditions, the results of the study showed that the pine caterpillar Trichogramma, Trichogramma and tussah eggs were connected according to the proportion of 1:5:1 in the same period, and the environmental conditions were controlled. The optimum conditions for CO breeding of Trichogramma armyworm and Trichogramma dendrolimi were made at 26 L24:D0 and 80% H.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S476.3

【相似文献】