柳江县土壤养分空间变异特征研究

发布时间：2018-06-15 18:20

本文选题：土壤养分 + 空间变异　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：土壤养分状况是土壤潜在供应养分能力的一个重要指标,土壤养分含量与农作物产出水平呈现正相关的关系。本研究以柳江县为研究对象,旨在掌握县域土壤养分分布规律。首先统计分析了柳江县域样点数据的土壤养分特征值,并对数据进行正态分布检验、自相关性检测、趋势面分析；利用GS+7.0软件进行半方差分析挑选出最优模型,在Arcgis10.0软件中进行克里格插值,并输出预测图；在此基础上,分析研究区不同土壤类型的养分特征,保证了研究区土壤资源的合理规划利用。本研究结果如下：1、研究区样点的pH、全氮、有机质、有效磷、速效钾的平均值分别为5.983,1.686g/kg,25.915 g/kg,31.364 mg/kg,86.663 mg/kg,总体上pH为弱酸性,全氮含量中等偏低,有机质含量较高,有效磷和速效钾含量低；各养分数据符合正态分布,其变异系数分别为0.124,0.322,0.332,0.544,0.373,均表现出中等变异性,其中有效磷的变异性最大,pH的变异性最小。2、pH、全氮、有机质、速效钾的最优模型为指数模型,有效磷的最优模型为高斯模型。pH、全氮、有机质、有效磷、速效钾的块金效应分别为0.00172,0.499,0.500,0.500,0.500,其中pH有强烈的空间相关性,后四者为中等相关性。3、柳江县域土壤pH值呈现出北高南低、自西向东减弱的趋势,有机质、全氮含量大体上呈现出北高南低的趋势,有效磷、速效钾呈现整体含量较低的特点。两种克里格插值方法中,pH、有机质、全氮、有效磷的平均标准误差都比均方根预测误差高。整体上协同克里格的插值效果优于普通克里格。4、柳江县域的水稻土、石灰土、新积土、潮土,磷素、钾素缺口较大,要重点补充：有机质、全氮要适当补充,pH要合理调节。大部分研究区采样点的农田水利设施不完善,水土流失现象时有出现,是造成作物低产的原因之一,耕作时要注意固持水土。
[Abstract]:Soil nutrient status is an important indicator of soil potential nutrient supply ability. Soil nutrient content has a positive correlation with crop output level. In this study, Liujiang County as the research object, in order to grasp the distribution of soil nutrients in the county. Firstly, the soil nutrient characteristic values of the sample data in Liujiang county were analyzed, and the data were tested by normal distribution, autocorrelation, trend surface analysis, and the optimal model was selected by the semi-variance analysis of GS7.0 software. Kriging interpolation was carried out in Arcgis10.0 software and the prediction map was outputted. On this basis, the nutrient characteristics of different soil types in the study area were analyzed to ensure the rational planning and utilization of soil resources in the study area. The results of this study are as follows: the average pH, total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium of the sample are 5.983 ~ 1.686 g / kg ~ (25. 915) g / kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1), pH is weak acid, total nitrogen content is medium low and organic matter content is relatively high. The available phosphorus and available potassium contents were low, and the nutrient data were in accordance with normal distribution, the coefficient of variation was 0.124 脳 0.3220.332n 0.544N 0.373, respectively, showing moderate variability, in which the maximum variability of available phosphorus was the lowest pH, the pH of total nitrogen and organic matter was the lowest, the maximum variability of available phosphorus was the lowest pH, total nitrogen, organic matter, The optimal model of available potassium is exponential model, and the optimal model of available phosphorus is Gao Si model. The total nitrogen, organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium have block gold effect of 0.00172 ~ 0.499 ~ 0.500 ~ 0.500 ~ 0.500 ~ 0.500, respectively, and pH has a strong spatial correlation. The soil pH value of Liujiang County showed the trend of north high and south low, weakening from west to east, organic matter and total nitrogen content showed the trend of north high and south low, available phosphorus and available potassium were lower. The average standard error of pH, organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus in the two Kriging interpolation methods is higher than that in RMS prediction. On the whole, the interpolation effect of synergetic Kriging is better than that of ordinary Kriging. The paddy soil, lime soil, new soil, tidal soil, phosphorus and potassium in Liujiang county area have a large gap. The emphasis should be added: organic matter, total nitrogen should be properly supplemented and pH should be adjusted reasonably. The irrigation and water conservancy facilities of the sampling sites in most of the study areas are not perfect, and the phenomenon of soil and water loss occurs from time to time, which is one of the reasons for the low yield of crops. Therefore, attention should be paid to soil and water conservation during cultivation.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S158

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