紫色土坡地旋耕机耕作侵蚀特征

发布时间：2018-06-15 20:00

本文选题：耕作侵蚀 + 耕作位移　；参考：《中国水土保持科学》2016年01期

【摘要】：耕作侵蚀的过程机制和防治技术研究是我国现阶段水土保持科学与技术的重点研究领域,关于小型旋耕机耕作的土壤再分布过程和影响因素研究较少。应用磁性示踪法研究旋耕机等高耕作、向下耕作和向上耕作的土壤再分布模式和强度,查明耕作速度对旋耕机耕作侵蚀的影响。结果表明:不同耕作方向下旋耕机单次耕作过程中均引起土壤同时发生向上坡和向下坡移动,且均导致土壤发生向下坡净位移;不同耕作速度时等高耕作和向上耕作土壤净位移与坡度均呈显著正相关(P0.01),而向下耕作二者无显著相关性(P0.05);土壤净位移量表现为快挡等高耕作(11.53 kg/m)快挡向下耕作(11.40 kg/m)快挡向上耕作(7.59 kg/m)慢挡向下耕作(7.33 kg/m)慢挡等高耕作(6.87 kg/m)慢挡向上耕作(6.29 kg/m);快挡时上下坡交替耕作的耕作侵蚀速率小于等高耕作,但慢挡时二者相当。旋耕机耕作相比传统耕作机具的耕作侵蚀明显下降,其推广应用对于防治紫色土坡地耕作侵蚀和土壤退化有重要作用。
[Abstract]:The research on the process mechanism and control technology of tillage erosion is an important research field of soil and water conservation science and technology in China at present. There are few researches on soil redistribution process and influencing factors of small rotary tiller tillage. The magnetic tracer method was used to study the soil redistribution pattern and intensity of rotary tiller, downward tillage and upward tillage, and to find out the effect of tillage speed on rotary tiller tillage erosion. The results showed that the single tillage process of rotary tiller in different tillage direction caused the soil to move upward and downhill simultaneously and both resulted in the net displacement of soil downhill. There was a significant positive correlation between soil net displacement and slope under constant and upward tillage at different tillage rates, while there was no significant correlation between soil displacement and slope under downward tillage, and the net soil displacement was 11.53 kg 路m ~ (m) for fast tillage and 11.40 kg 路m ~ (m) for downward tillage. 7.59 kg / m) slow down 7.33 kg / m) 6.87 kg / m) slowly block up 6.29 kg 路m ~ (-1), and the erosion rate of alternating slope tillage is lower than that of equal height tillage. But the two are equal in slow gear. The tillage erosion of rotary tiller is obviously lower than that of traditional tillage, and its popularization and application play an important role in preventing soil erosion and soil degradation in purple soil slope.
【作者单位】：西南科技大学环境与资源学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“四川紫色土区耕作机具与坡面要素的配适机制”(41401301) 西南科技大学博士基金“耕作侵蚀的边界效应对土壤输送、侵蚀、补偿与平衡机制”(13zx7129)
【分类号】：S157.1

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