田七根际土壤微生物群落及其生理特征研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 02:27

本文选题：田七 + 根际土壤　；参考：《广西大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：田七是在广西百色市栽培的五加科人参属植物三七[Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H.Chen],是一种名贵的中药材。为了探讨田七连作障碍与田七根际微生物之间的联系,本文以不同的田七根际土壤为实验材料,对株龄和连续种植年限不同的田七植株的根际土壤的细菌、真菌、放线菌数量变化及其酶活性、pH值等生理特征进行了比较研究。研究结果如下：1、随着田七植株株龄的增加,田七根际土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量均有不同程度的减少,其减少数量多少依次为：CK(未种过田七土壤)1年植株2年植株3年植株,说明田七植株株龄对根际土壤的微生物有较大影响。2、随着田七植株株龄的增加,植株根际土壤的过氧化氢酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶活性及pH值都降低。酶活性、pH值大小依次为：：CK1年植株2年植株3年植株,说明田七植株株龄大小影响根际土壤的酶活性和土壤pH值。3、连续种植年限对田七根际细菌、放线菌数量有明显影响。研究表明,田七根际土壤细菌和放线菌数量随着连续种植年限增加而减少；茬后土壤,即采收田七撂荒后,两种菌的数量增加,其大小依次为：CK2(未种过田七土壤)茬后土壤连续种植2年连续种植3年。说明种植年限的增加使根际土壤细菌、放线菌的生长繁殖受到抑制,撂荒后两种菌数量回升。4、根际土壤真菌数量随着田七种植年限的增加而增加,且与种植年限呈正比；茬后土壤,即采收田七撂荒后的土壤,真菌数量变少,说明连续种植年限的增加有利于真菌的生长繁殖,撂荒后可减少真菌数量。5、连续种植年限对田七根际土壤酶活性及pH值也有较大影响。根际土壤的过氧化氢酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶活性及pH值,随着连续种植年限的增加而降低：但采收田七撂荒后的土壤,又出现升高趋势。酶活性大小、pH值依次为：CK2(未种过田七土壤)茬后土壤连续种植2年连续种植3年。说明连续种植年限抑制了其根际土壤的酶活性和降低土壤pH值,撂荒后可改变这个现象。6、田七根际土壤真菌和细菌数量都随着气温升高和降雨量的增加,有逐渐降低的趋势；然后随着气温的下降和降雨量的减小,细菌和真菌数量出现回升。放线菌数量随着气温升高和降雨量的增加,出现先降低后升高的趋势；然后随着气温的下降和降雨量的减少,出现先降低后升高的趋势。说明气候可以影响微生物群落结构。
[Abstract]:Tianqi is a panax notoginseng of Panax notoginseng Burk. cultivated in Baise, Guangxi. F. H. Chen is a valuable Chinese medicine. In order to study the relationship between continuous cropping obstacle and rhizosphere microorganism, bacteria and fungi in rhizosphere soil with different plant ages and different planting years were used as experimental materials. The changes of actinomycetes quantity and the pH value of enzyme activity were compared. The results are as follows: 1. With the increase of plant age, the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in the rhizosphere of Tianqi decreased in varying degrees. The order of the decrease was 1 year, 2 years, 3 plants, which indicated that the plant age had a great influence on the microorganism in rhizosphere soil, and with the increase of plant age, The activities of catalase, urease, acid phosphatase and pH of rhizosphere soil decreased. The order of pH value of enzyme activity and pH value was 1: 1, 2 years and 3 years, which indicated that the plant age of Tianqi plant affected the enzyme activity and soil pH value of rhizosphere soil, and the number of actinomycetes and bacteria in rhizosphere was affected obviously by continuous planting years. The results showed that the number of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil of Tianqi decreased with the increase of successive planting years, and the number of two bacteria in soil after stubble, that is, after the harvest was abandoned, increased. The order of its size is: 1: CK2 (no field 7 soil) after stubble, the soil is planted for 2 years and 3 years in succession. The results showed that the growth and reproduction of rhizosphere soil bacteria and actinomycetes were inhibited by the increase of planting years, and the number of two fungi increased by .4. the number of fungi in rhizosphere soil increased with the increase of planting years, and it was proportional to the years of planting. The number of fungi in the soil after stubble, that is, after the harvest field was abandoned, became smaller, which indicated that the increase of continuous planting years was beneficial to the growth and reproduction of fungi. The number of fungi decreased by 0.05 after abandoned, and the enzyme activity and pH value of rhizosphere soil were also affected by continuous planting years. The activities of catalase, urease, acid phosphatase and pH value of rhizosphere soil decreased with the increase of successive planting years. The pH value of enzyme activity was 1: CK2 (no soil planted in Tianqi). The soil was planted continuously for 2 years and 3 years. The results showed that continuous planting years inhibited the enzyme activity of rhizosphere soil and decreased the soil pH value, which could be changed by abandonment. The number of fungi and bacteria in rhizosphere soil of Tianqi decreased gradually with the increase of temperature and rainfall. Then, with the decrease of temperature and rainfall, the number of bacteria and fungi increased. The number of actinomycetes decreased first and then increased with the increase of temperature and rainfall, and then decreased first and then increased with the decrease of temperature and rainfall. It shows that climate can affect the structure of microbial community.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S567.236;S154.3

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