黄土丘陵区枣农复合系统土壤水分利用与竞争

发布时间：2018-06-23 05:35

本文选题：黄土丘陵区 + 农林复合系统　；参考：《自然资源学报》2017年12期

【摘要】：探明黄土丘陵区农林复合系统植物土壤水分利用策略对评价其配置合理性与可持续性具有重要意义。论文以黄土丘陵区枣农(枣树+农作物)复合系统为对象,测定不同生育期植物木质部水和土壤水氧稳定同位素比率(δ~(18)O),利用IsoSource模型分析了复合系统中枣树与间作农作物(黄花菜和饲料油菜)土壤水分利用策略,判断两种复合系统作物间是否发生水分竞争。结果表明:枣树各时期对表层(0~20 cm)土壤水利用较少,在旱季主要使用中层(20~60cm)和深层(60~200 cm)土壤水,雨季有显著降雨后主要利用中层土壤水。黄花菜、饲料油菜在旱季对低雨量有效降雨反应灵敏,但其仍主要利用中层土壤水,雨季显著降雨后两者对表层土壤水利用比例显著增加。总之枣树与黄花菜和饲料油菜土壤水分利用策略存在明显区别,但在较为干旱的5月和7月对中层和深层土壤水存在明显竞争。因此可在枣树株间修建深度为40 cm肥水坑,增加中层和深层土壤含水量,促进枣树根系向下生长,缓解水分竞争对枣树生长和产量造成的不利影响。
[Abstract]:It is important to evaluate the rationality and sustainability of plant soil water use in agroforestry complex system in loess hilly region. The paper takes jujube farming (jujube crop) compound system in loess hilly area as the object. The stable isotope ratios (未 ~ (18) O) of xylem water to soil water (未 ~ (18) O) in different growth stages of plants were measured. The soil water use strategies of jujube and intercropping crops (yellow lily and forage rape) were analyzed by IsoSource model. To judge whether there is water competition between the two kinds of compound system crops. The results showed that soil water was used less in surface layer (0 ~ 20 cm) than in deep layer (60 ~ 200 cm) in dry season, and mainly in middle layer after rainfall in rainy season. Yellow lily and forage rapeseed were sensitive to low rainfall available rainfall in dry season, but they still mainly used middle soil water, and the proportion of surface soil water utilization increased significantly after rainy season. In a word, the soil water use strategies of jujube were obviously different from those of yellow lily and forage rape, but there was obvious competition between middle and deep soil water in May and July. Therefore, it is possible to build a 40cm fertiliser pit between jujube plants, increase the soil water content in the middle and deep layers, promote the downward growth of jujube roots, and alleviate the adverse effects of water competition on the growth and yield of jujube trees.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院;中国旱区节水农业研究院;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41571506,41401315) 国家重点研发计划水资源高效开发利用专项(2016YFC0400204)~~
【分类号】：S152.7

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