生活污水灌溉对稻田还田麦秸腐解特征和养分释放规律的影响

发布时间：2018-06-23 15:05

本文选题：稻田 + 麦秸还田　；参考：《应用与环境生物学报》2017年05期

【摘要】：采用尼龙网袋法和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析,研究常规灌溉和污水灌溉下稻田还田麦秸的腐解特征和养分释放规律.结果显示:两种灌溉方式下,小麦秸秆还田腐解和养分释放速率随时间延长呈增加趋势,且前期快后期慢;水稻收获时麦秸腐解率达74.1%-80.7%,秸秆中氮、磷和钾释放率分别可达78.7%-84.3%、29.5%-44.8%和95.5%-97.5%;小麦秸秆腐解速度和秸秆中氮、磷、钾释放速率均表现为污水灌溉大于清水灌溉,腐解速度差异不显著,但全氮释放率仅在初始期差异显著,磷的释放率在分蘖至抽穗期差异均达到显著水平,而全钾仅在抽穗和成熟期差异显著;两种不同灌溉方式下残留秸秆的傅里叶变换红外光谱谱型类似,残留秸秆的官能团组成无显著差异,但在1 030、1 630、2 920、3 330 cm~(-1)处的吸收峰强度不同.本研究表明生活污水灌溉能明显促进秸秆腐熟及养分释放,值得推广实施.
[Abstract]:The decomposition characteristics and nutrient release of wheat straw in paddy field under conventional irrigation and sewage irrigation were studied by Nylon net bag method and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed that the rate of decomposition and nutrient release of wheat straw increased with time, and the rate of decomposition of wheat straw reached 74.1% -80.7 at harvest time, and the nitrogen content in straw increased with the increase of time, and the rate of decomposition of wheat straw reached 74.1% -80.7 when rice was harvested. The release rate of phosphorus and potassium can reach 78.7% -84.3and 29.5-44.8% and 95.5-97.5.The rate of decomposition of wheat straw and the rate of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in wheat straw are higher than that in clean water irrigation, but the rate of total nitrogen release is only significantly different in the initial stage. The phosphorus release rate was significantly different from tiller to heading stage, but only at heading and ripening stage, and the FT-IR spectra of residual straw under two irrigation methods were similar. There was no significant difference in the functional group composition of the residual straw, but the absorption peak intensity was different at 1 030 ~ 1 630 ~ 2 920 ~ 3 330 cm ~ (-1). This study showed that domestic sewage irrigation can obviously promote straw maturity and nutrient release, which is worth popularizing.
【作者单位】：江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所;南京农业大学农业部南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室;江苏滩涂生物农业协同创新中心;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503106) 江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(14)2050)资助~~
【分类号】：S141.4;S273.5

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