陇中黄土高原不同耕作措施下土壤磷动态研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 09:24

本文选题：陇中黄土高原 + 耕作措施　；参考：《土壤学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：依托陇中黄土高原旱作农田已实施13 a的保护性耕作试验,研究传统耕作、免耕、传统耕作秸秆还田、免耕秸秆覆盖、传统耕作地膜覆盖和免耕地膜覆盖6种耕作措施下土壤全磷及磷组分动态变化特征。结果表明:试验期各处理土壤全磷和总无机磷均逐年增长;两个秸秆还田处理总有机磷逐年增长,免耕地膜覆盖和免耕处理总体增长,传统耕作和传统耕作地膜覆盖处理相对稳定;各无机磷组分均总体增长,其中氢氧化钠提取态无机磷、水溶态无机磷和碳酸氢钠提取态无机磷涨幅较大,平均涨幅分别为253.6%、128.6%和66.9%;保护性耕作可不同程度地提高水溶态无机磷、碳酸氢钠提取态无机磷和氢氧化钠提取态无机磷含量,相同覆盖条件下免耕较传统耕作效果明显,尤其免耕秸秆覆盖处理最明显;耕作方式对浓盐酸提取态无机磷和残留磷的影响不明显;保护性耕作可提高碳酸氢钠提取态有机磷和氢氧化钠提取态有机磷含量,两个秸秆还田处理最明显,两处理也可提高浓盐酸提取态有机磷含量,但免耕、传统耕作地膜覆盖和免耕地膜覆盖处理下该组分含量降低。综上,采取保护性耕作可适当减少磷肥用量,保护性耕作尤其是免耕秸秆覆盖方式值得在该区推广。
[Abstract]:Conservation tillage experiments have been carried out for 13 years on dryland farmland in the Loess Plateau of central Gansu Province. Traditional tillage, no-tillage, straw returning and straw mulching have been studied. Dynamic changes of total phosphorus and phosphorus components in soils under six tillage practices: traditional tillage film mulching and no-tillage film mulching. The results showed that the total phosphorus and total inorganic phosphorus of each treatment increased year by year, the total organic phosphorus of two straw returning treatments increased year by year, the total organic phosphorus of no-tillage film mulching and no-tillage treatment increased. Traditional tillage and plastic film mulching treatments were relatively stable, and all inorganic phosphorus components increased, among which sodium hydroxide extracted inorganic phosphorus, water-soluble inorganic phosphorus and sodium bicarbonate inorganic phosphorus increased significantly. The average increases were 253.6% and 66.9%, respectively. Conservation tillage could increase the contents of inorganic phosphorus in aqueous solution, inorganic phosphorus extracted by sodium bicarbonate and inorganic phosphorus extracted from sodium hydroxide. The effect of no-tillage under the same mulching condition was better than that of traditional tillage. The effects of tillage on inorganic phosphorus and residual phosphorus in concentrated hydrochloric acid were not obvious, and conservation tillage could increase the contents of organic phosphorus extracted by sodium bicarbonate and organic phosphorus extracted by sodium hydroxide. The two treatments could also increase the content of organic phosphorus extracted by HCl, but the content of organic phosphorus was decreased under the treatment of no-tillage, traditional tillage film mulching and no-tillage film mulching. Conservation tillage, especially no-tillage straw mulching, is worth popularizing in this area.
【作者单位】：甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31160269,31571594) 国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B03)资助~~
【分类号】：S153.6

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