秸秆还田对植烟土壤酶活性及细菌群落多样性的影响

发布时间：2018-06-26 02:33

本文选题：秸秆还田 + 植烟土壤　；参考：《中国烟草科学》2017年01期

【摘要】：为明确秸秆还田的烟田土壤微生态效应,通过3年定位试验研究了不同用量小麦及玉米秸秆还田对植烟土壤酶活性及细菌群落多样性的影响。结果表明,秸秆还田可不同程度提高土壤蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶及脲酶活性。玉米秸秆还田的土壤蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性高于等量小麦秸秆还田处理。与对照相比,玉米及小麦秸秆中低量(4500及1500 kg/hm~2)还田后土壤的细菌群落多样性下降,而高量(7500 kg/hm~2)还田后则不变或稍有增加。此外,高量玉米秸秆还田与其他处理间的土壤细菌群落相似系数仅为0.57,表明其群落结构变化较大。而且低、中、高量玉米秸秆还田土壤DGGE图谱中的特异条带分别属于乳酸球菌(Lactococcus)、不可培养细菌(Uncultured bacterium)及硝化螺菌(Nitrospira)。可见,两种秸秆还田均能提高植烟土壤的蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶和脲酶活性,且玉米秸秆在高量还田后可增加土壤细菌群落的丰度及多样性。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the soil microecological effect of straw returning to tobacco field, the effects of wheat and corn straw returning to tobacco field on enzyme activity and bacterial community diversity were studied by 3-year location-based experiment. The results showed that the activities of soil sucrase, alkaline phosphatase and urease could be increased by returning straw to the field. The activities of soil sucrase and alkaline phosphatase of corn straw returning to field were higher than that of wheat straw. Compared with the control, the soil bacterial community diversity of maize and wheat straw decreased after returning to the field (4500 and 1500 kg/hm~2), but the high amount (7500 kg/hm~2) did not change or slightly increased after returning to the field. In addition, the similarity coefficient of soil bacterial community between the high amount corn straw returning to the field and other treatments was only 0.57, which indicated that the community structure changed greatly. The specific bands in the soil DGGE map of low, medium and high amount of corn straw were Lactococcus, unculturable bacterium and Nitrospira, respectively. It can be seen that the activities of sucrase, alkaline phosphatase and urease in tobacco planting soil can be increased by returning two kinds of straw, and the abundance and diversity of soil bacterial community can be increased by returning corn straw to the field in high quantity.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院烟草研究所;山东日照烟草有限公司;山东烟草研究院有限公司;山东潍坊烟草有限公司诸城分公司;山东中烟工业有限责任公司;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“不同种植模式烟草根际土壤微生物群落结构及其生物功能稳定性研究”(41201291) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-TRIC06) 中国烟草总公司面上项目“土地整理后土壤养分变化与修复及烤烟变量施肥技术研究”(2013-149)
【分类号】：S572;S154

【相似文献】