生物炭基肥增效技术与制备工艺研究进展分析

发布时间：2018-06-27 22:53

本文选题：生物炭基肥 + 增效剂　；参考：《农业机械学报》2017年10期

【摘要】：生物炭基肥是以生物炭为载体与传统肥料复合而成的新型缓释肥料,其在农业生产及污染防控中的作用得到广泛认可。基于多年研究成果和文献综合分析,阐述了生物炭基肥的研发背景与重要性及生物炭基肥的增效机制,包括:吸持缓释养分、改善土壤理化性质及作物根系生长的水肥气热环境、改善土壤微生物生长的微环境、提供矿质养分及生物刺激物质等。此外,阐述了生物炭基肥在提升作物产量与品质、肥料高效利用与减施增效及环境污染防控等方面的作用;以及产品在制备(调整生物炭来源和炭-肥混合方式)、成型(确定形状,筛选粘接剂和延展剂)、配方(调整基础肥料组成,调整生物炭、水和粘接剂比例)及改性工艺(添加不同比例的高岭土、膨润土、煤炭腐植酸及其复配物的改性材料)方面的最新进展。根据现有问题及技术需求,指出加强新型产品研制及应用基础研究,加强大尺度应用的农业水土、经济、环境等效应及综合评价指标体系研究,及加快应用技术推广是生物炭基肥增效技术领域未来主要研究方向。
[Abstract]:Biochar based fertilizer is a new type of slow-release fertilizer which is composed of biochar as carrier and traditional fertilizer. Its role in agricultural production and pollution prevention and control has been widely recognized. Based on the research results of many years and the comprehensive analysis of literatures, the background and importance of research and development of biochar based fertilizer and the synergistic mechanism of biochar base fertilizer were expounded, including the absorption of sustained-release nutrients. To improve the physical and chemical properties of soil and the water, fertilizer, air and heat environment of crop root growth, to improve the microenvironment of soil microbial growth, to provide mineral nutrients and biological irritants and so on. In addition, the effects of biochar base fertilizer on improving crop yield and quality, increasing efficiency of fertilizer utilization and application reduction, prevention and control of environmental pollution, etc. And products in preparation (adjustment of biochar sources and carbon-fertilizer mixture), molding (shape determination, screening of adhesives and extenders), formulations (adjustment of base fertilizer composition, adjustment of biochar, Recent advances in water / binder ratio and modification processes (addition of different proportions of kaolin, bentonite, coal humic acid and its complex modified materials). According to the existing problems and technical requirements, it is pointed out that we should strengthen the basic research on the development and application of new products, strengthen the study of agricultural soil and water, economic and environmental effects and comprehensive evaluation index system of large-scale application. And accelerating the application of technology is the main research direction in the field of biochar fertilizer efficiency technology in the future.
【作者单位】：北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;
【基金】：北京市农林科学院青年基金项目(QNJJ201611) 国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201010、2017YFC0504504、2017YFD0800400) 北京市叶类蔬菜产业创新团队项目(BAIC07-2016) 北京市粮经作物产业创新团队项目(BAIC09-2016) 北京博云益达种植专业合作社科技能力提升项目(201654)
【分类号】：TQ449.1

【相似文献】