长江中下游城市群农业面源污染氮排放评价及调控

发布时间：2018-06-28 08:51

本文选题：农业面源污染 + 氮排放　；参考：《中国农业资源与区划》2016年08期

【摘要】：基于清单分析法和排污系数法,对长江中下游城市群农业面源污染氮排放现状进行了评价,并运用灵敏度分析和情景分析方法,模拟和比较了不同调控方案对区域未来氮排放变化的影响。研究结果表明,2011年长江中下游城市群4种污染源向水环境排放的氮总量共计128.27万t,其中,农业种植和畜禽养殖的排放比例分别为58.92%和33.53%,是该区农业面源污染的主要氮污染源。如果不加大对面源污染的治理力度,2011~2020年和2020~2030年长江中下游城市群农业面源污染氮排放量将分别增加16.29%和18.78%;如果采取相关减排措施,2020年和2030年4个城市群的农业面源污染氮排放量将分别比2011年削减15%和25%,并有利于实现区域农村经济增长与环境健康发展的双重目标。建议今后全区农业面源污染氮排放调控的重点在于逐步削减肥料投入、合理优化用肥结构、控制畜禽养殖规模扩张以及促进专业化养殖畜禽废物循环利用等,主要控制地区包括武汉城市圈内的潜江市、孝感市、黄冈市和鄂州市,长株潭城市群内的长沙市和湘潭市,鄱阳湖生态经济区内的南昌市和鹰潭市,以及皖江城市带内的六安市和合肥市。
[Abstract]:Based on the inventory analysis method and the discharge coefficient method, the present situation of agricultural non-point source pollution nitrogen emission in the urban agglomeration of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is evaluated, and sensitivity analysis and scenario analysis are used. The effects of different control schemes on the future nitrogen emissions in the region were simulated and compared. The results showed that the total nitrogen emissions from four sources of urban agglomeration in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River amounted to 1.2827 million tons in 2011. Among them, 58.92% and 33.53% of the total nitrogen discharged from agricultural cultivation and livestock farming were the main nitrogen sources of agricultural non-point source pollution in this area. If the control of non-point source pollution is not strengthened, the nitrogen emissions from agricultural non-point source pollution of urban agglomeration in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River will increase by 16.29% and 18.78% respectively in 2011-2020 and 2020-2030; if relevant emission reduction measures are taken, the agricultural surface of 4 urban agglomerations in 2020 and 2030 will be increased respectively. Nitrogen emissions from source pollution will be reduced by 15% and 25%, respectively, compared with 2011, and will contribute to the realization of the dual goals of regional rural economic growth and healthy environmental development. It is suggested that the key points of nitrogen emission regulation of agricultural non-point source pollution in the whole region in the future are to gradually reduce fertilizer input, optimize the structure of fertilizer use, control the expansion of livestock and poultry breeding scale, and promote the recycling of livestock and poultry wastes in specialized breeding. The main control areas include Qianjiang City, Xiaogan City, Huanggang City and Ezhou City in Wuhan City Circle, Changsha City and Xiangtan City in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Urban agglomeration, Nanchang City and Yingtan City in Poyang Lake Ecological Economic Zone, As well as the city of Lu'an and Hefei in the city belt of Anhui River.
【作者单位】：清华大学环境学院;国家海洋局第三海洋研究所;河南理工大学测绘与国土信息工程学院;
【分类号】：X71;X82

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