生物土壤结皮对毛乌素沙地油蒿群落土壤水分的影响

发布时间：2018-06-30 03:39

本文选题：油蒿群落 + 地衣结皮　；参考：《北京林业大学学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：为进一步探究毛乌素沙地油蒿群落内结皮对土壤水分的影响,研究了结皮(地衣结皮和苔藓结皮)未受干扰和移除处理下的土壤水分入渗、蒸发及含水量状况。结果显示:1)两种结皮均对土壤水分入渗具有抑制作用,移除两种结皮后,土壤水分初渗速率、稳渗速率以及累积入渗量均显著增大(P0.05);2)结皮对土壤蒸发的影响与结皮类型及蒸发阶段有关,地衣结皮对整个蒸发过程中日蒸发量及蒸发总量无显著影响(P0.05),而苔藓结皮对土壤日蒸发量的影响在模拟蒸发前期表现为抑制(第1~5天),后期表现为促进(第6~15天),但对总蒸发量的影响不显著(P0.05);3)总体来看,地衣结皮覆盖区0~40 cm土层含水量高于地衣结皮移除区,而苔藓样地规律则相反。从不同土层来看,相比于移除结皮,地衣结皮覆盖区40 cm深度以上各层土壤含水量均较高,苔藓结皮覆盖区土壤含水量在5和10 cm深度较高,20和40 cm较低。研究结果表明,地衣结皮提高了油蒿群落土壤水分有效性,应对其进行保护;苔藓结皮降低了油蒿种群土壤水分有效性,却提高了浅根系草本土壤水分有效性,这是驱动油蒿群落演替的重要因素之一。研究在为毛乌素沙地油蒿群落提供水分管理依据的同时,也从土壤水分方面为该群落的演替提供一定解释。
[Abstract]:In order to further study the effect of soil moisture on soil moisture in Artemisia mongolica community in Maowusu sandy land, the soil moisture infiltration, evaporation and water content were studied under the condition of soil moisture infiltration, evaporation and water content under undisturbed and removed soil crust (lichen crust and moss crust). The results showed that both kinds of crusts could inhibit the infiltration of soil water, and the initial infiltration rate of soil water was increased after removing the two kinds of crust. The effect of crust on soil evaporation was related to the type and stage of soil evaporation. The effect of lichen crust on daily evaporation and total evaporation was not significant (P0.05), while the effect of lichen crust on soil evaporation was inhibited in the early stage of simulated evaporation (day 1 ~ 5) and promoted at the later stage (day 615). , but the effect on total evaporation was not significant (P0.05). The water content of 0 ~ 40 cm soil layer in lichen crust cover area was higher than that in lichen crust removal area, but the moss land had the opposite regularity. Compared with removing crust, the soil moisture content of each layer above 40 cm depth of lichen crust cover was higher than that of moss crust covering area at 5 cm and 10 cm depth, and that of lichen crust cover area was higher than that of bryophyte crust cover area at 5 cm depth and 10 cm depth, and soil moisture content was lower at 20 cm and 40 cm depth than that in lichen crust cover area. The results showed that lichen crust increased soil moisture availability of Artemisia annua community and should be protected, moss crust decreased soil moisture availability of Artemisia annua population, but increased soil moisture availability of shallow root herbaceous plants. This is one of the important factors driving the succession of Artemisia annua community. The study provided water management basis for Artemisia mongolica community in Maowusu sandy land, and also provided some explanation for succession of Artemisia annua community from soil moisture aspect.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学水土保持学院;北京林业大学水土保持国家林业局重点实验室;宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站;
【基金】：“973”国家重点基础研究发展计划课题(2013CB429901) 国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0500905) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2015ZCQ-SB-02)
【分类号】：S714

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