中国农业水费:现存问题与研究评论

发布时间：2018-07-03 01:11

本文选题：中国 + 农业水费　；参考：《中国农业资源与区划》2016年08期

【摘要】：农村税费改革以后,农业水费成为了农村唯一的政府性收费项目。如今农业水费相关问题已成为影响农村稳定、"三农问题"与农业水价综合改革等工作顺利开展的阻碍因素之一,破除这些问题将是研究和实践的重点任务。现有研究未对这些现存的关键问题进行专门分析和评论。文章首次对我国农业水费在水价、支付、补贴与实施等4个方面的现存问题进行剖析,并分别就每个问题的现有研究进行梳理和评论。研究表明这些现存问题如下:①水价方面:水价太低且变化不大,改革陷入两难境地;②支付方面:农民支付意愿较低,抵触、拒缴与消极情绪明显;③补贴方面:补贴方式不能对农民行为调节和意识塑造起到积极作用;④实施方面:水费管理执行不力、公平性不足与水利设施不完善等。该文分别就每个问题给出了后续的研究与实践方案,并认为在农村经济日渐趋好和支农惠农等政策力度不断加大的条件下,目前农业水费问题已不再只是一个资金投入、技术改造与制度改革的问题,同时也成为了一个还需侧重强调农民行为响应的综合性问题,但这在现有研究和实践中有所忽略。因此,下一步研究与实践应在资金投入、技术改造和制度设计等方面继续加大研究和实践的力度,并和每个问题提出的解决方案结合起来,以农民行为响应作为切入点,探索解决这些问题的综合性配套策略。
[Abstract]:After the reform of rural taxes and fees, agricultural water fee has become the only government charge item in the countryside. At present, the problems related to agricultural water fee have become one of the obstacles to the smooth development of rural stability, the "three rural issues" and the comprehensive reform of agricultural water price, and the elimination of these problems will be the key task of research and practice. Existing studies do not specifically analyse and comment on these existing key issues. For the first time, the paper analyzes the existing problems of water price, payment, subsidy and implementation of agricultural water in our country, and respectively combs and comments on the existing research on each issue. The research shows that these existing problems are as follows: water price is too low and little change, the reform is caught in a dilemma: farmers' willingness to pay is low, resistance, refusal to pay and negative emotion are obvious; (3) subsidy: the way of subsidy can not play a positive role in the regulation of farmers' behavior and the shaping of their consciousness. (4) the enforcement of water fee management is weak, the fairness is insufficient and the water conservancy facilities are not perfect, etc. This paper gives the following research and practice schemes on each problem, and thinks that under the condition that the rural economy is getting better and supporting agriculture and benefiting agriculture, the problem of agricultural water fee is no longer just a capital investment. The problems of technological transformation and system reform have also become a comprehensive problem which should be emphasized on the response of farmers' behavior, but this has been neglected in the current research and practice. Therefore, the next step of research and practice should continue to increase the research and practice in the aspects of capital investment, technical transformation and system design, and combine with the solutions proposed by each problem, and take the farmers' behavior response as the starting point. To explore comprehensive strategies to solve these problems.
【作者单位】：重庆农村商业银行博士后科研工作站;重庆大学经济与工商管理学院;四川农业大学管理学院;
【基金】：国家社科青年项目“金融服务创新促进新型农业经营主体发展的长效机制研究”(14CJY049)
【分类号】：F323.213

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