重金属与抗生素对SBBR中微生物活性的影响

发布时间：2018-07-04 17:39

本文选题：养猪废水 + SBBR　；参考：《南昌大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：水污染问题日益严重,在众多的水环境污染中,畜牧养殖业造成的污染是不可忽视的,其中尤以养猪废水污染为甚。重金属和抗生素被养猪行业广泛利用。大量重金属和抗生素跟随排泄物进入废水处理系统,为后续的废水处理增添了不少难度。本研究旨在探究重金属和抗生素对污水处理系统中SBBR反应器中的微生物的影响,为养猪场废水处理奠定一定的理论基础。通过在正常运行的SBBR反应器中投加不同浓度以铜、锌为代表的重金属和以土霉素、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶为代表的抗生素,探究其对微生物的影响。得到结果如下:(1)铜浓度小于2mg/L时,铜能促进微生物呼吸作用,且浓度2mg/L铜的促进作用大于浓度1mg/L铜和浓度0.5mg/L铜的促进作用。铜浓度大于4mg/L时,铜能抑制微生物呼吸作用,且浓度16mg/L铜的抑制作用大于浓度4mg/L铜和浓度8mg/L铜的抑制作用。锌浓度小于4mg/L时,锌能促进微生物呼吸作用,且浓度4mg/L锌的促进作用大于浓度2mg/L锌和浓度1mg/L锌的促进作用。锌浓度大于8mg/L时,锌能抑制微生物呼吸作用,且浓度32mg/L锌的抑制作用大于浓度16mg/L锌和浓度8mg/L锌的抑制作用。(2)铜浓度小于8mg/L时会刺激微生物的代谢,只有铜浓度大于16mg/L时才会抑制微生物的代谢。锌浓度小于16mg/L时会刺激微生物的代谢,只有锌浓度大于32mg/L时才会抑制微生物的代谢。说明铜对微生物代谢的影响比锌对微生物代谢的影响要强烈。铜锌复合对微生物呼吸和代谢表现出协同抑制作用。铜锌复合会加大单因素铜锌对微生物的毒性。高浓度的铜会掩盖锌对微生物的影响。(3)浓度从0.1mg/L到1.6mg/L的土霉素对微生物呼吸的影响不大,总体表现先抑制后恢复。随着时间的推移可以消除土霉素对微生物呼吸的影响。浓度从0.05mg/L到0.8mg/L的磺胺间甲氧嘧啶对微生物呼吸的影响总体表现先抑制再促进后恢复。浓度从0.1mg/L到1.6mg/L的土霉素、浓度从0.05mg/L到0.8mg/L的磺胺间甲氧嘧啶都会刺激微生物的代谢,不会出现像浓度16mg/L铜、浓度32mg/L锌那样对微生物代谢的严重抑制作用。(4)土霉素和磺胺间甲氧嘧啶复合时,对微生物呼吸影响表现为先抑制再促进后恢复。土霉素、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶对ETS活性抑制率的影响都不显著。土霉素和磺胺间甲氧嘧啶之间交互作用明显。(5)本研究范围浓度的铜比实验范围浓度的土霉素的毒性更大。铜与土霉素联合对ETS活性的影响与铜浓度密切相关。土霉素的联合可以提高铜对ETS活性的抑制率。单因素铜对微生物代谢的抑制浓度为16mg/L,土霉素的联合可以把铜对微生物代谢的抑制浓度降低至8mg/L。
[Abstract]:The problem of water pollution is becoming more and more serious. Among all the pollution of water environment, the pollution caused by animal husbandry can not be ignored, especially the pollution of pig wastewater. Heavy metals and antibiotics are widely used in pig industry. A large number of heavy metals and antibiotics followed the waste water into the wastewater treatment system, which added a lot of difficulties for the subsequent wastewater treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of heavy metals and antibiotics on microorganisms in SBBR reactor in wastewater treatment system, and to lay a theoretical foundation for wastewater treatment in pig farms. The effects of different concentrations of heavy metals such as copper and zinc and antibiotics such as oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxine on microbes were investigated in a normal SBBR reactor. The results are as follows: (1) when copper concentration is less than 2 mg / L, copper can promote microbial respiration, and the promotion effect of 2 mg / L copper concentration is greater than that of 1 mg / L copper concentration and 0.5 mg / L copper concentration. When copper concentration is greater than 4 mg / L, copper can inhibit microbial respiration, and the inhibitory effect of 16 mg / L copper is greater than that of 4 mg / L copper and 8 mg / L copper. When zinc concentration is less than 4 mg / L, zinc can promote microbial respiration, and the effect of 4 mg / L zinc concentration is greater than that of 2 mg / L zinc concentration and 1 mg / L zinc concentration. When zinc concentration is greater than 8 mg / L, zinc can inhibit microbial respiration, and the inhibition of 32 mg / L zinc is greater than that of 16 mg / L zinc and 8 mg / L zinc. (2) when copper concentration is less than 8 mg / L, it stimulates microbial metabolism. Only copper concentrations greater than 16 mg / L inhibit microbial metabolism. When zinc concentration is less than 16 mg / L, it stimulates microbial metabolism, and only when zinc concentration is higher than 32 mg / L can inhibit microbial metabolism. The results show that the effect of copper on microbial metabolism is stronger than that of zinc on microbial metabolism. Copper and zinc compound showed synergistic inhibition on microbial respiration and metabolism. The combination of copper and zinc increases the toxicity of single factor copper and zinc to microorganisms. (3) the concentration of oxytetracycline from 0.1 mg / L to 1.6 mg / L had little effect on microbial respiration. The effect of oxytetracycline on microbial respiration can be eliminated over time. The effects of sulfamethoxine on microbial respiration from 0.05 mg / L to 0.8 mg / L showed inhibition first and then promotion and then recovery. Concentrations from 0.1 mg / L to 1.6 mg / L of oxytetracycline, from 0.05 mg / L to 0.8 mg / L of sulfamethoxine, all stimulate microbial metabolism, without the appearance of concentrations of 16 mg / L copper. (4) when oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxine were combined, the effect on microbial respiration was inhibited first, then promoted and then recovered. Oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxine had no significant effect on the inhibition rate of ETS activity. The interaction between oxytetracycline and sulfamethoxine was obvious. (5) the copper concentration in this study range was more toxic than that in the experimental range. The effect of copper combined with oxytetracycline on ETS activity is closely related to copper concentration. The combination of oxytetracycline can increase the inhibition rate of copper on ETS activity. The inhibitory concentration of single factor copper on microbial metabolism was 16 mg / L, and the inhibition concentration of copper on microbial metabolism was reduced to 8 mg / L with oxytetracycline.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X713;X172

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