1株死谷芽孢杆菌的分离、鉴定及防治西瓜枯萎病的效果

发布时间：2018-07-07 17:36

本文选题：死谷芽孢杆菌 + 分离　；参考：《江苏农业科学》2017年08期

【摘要】：为筛选新的防治西瓜枯萎病的生防菌菌种资源,采用稀释涂布平板法从番茄植株中分离得到对西瓜枯萎病菌具有显著抑制作用的拮抗菌,采用平板对峙法研究其对病原菌的广谱抑制效果,将菌体特征结合16S r DNA序列分析及生理生化指标相结合,对生防菌进行初步鉴定,明确其分类地位,并采用温室栽培试验对其进行抗病效果初探。结果表明,从番茄中分离的1株对西瓜枯萎病菌具有显著拮抗作用的菌株wm005,对西瓜枯萎病菌、油菜菌核病菌、黄瓜立枯病菌、草莓灰霉病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、辣椒疫霉病菌、番茄枯萎病菌、水稻恶苗病菌、葡萄炭疽病菌均表现出很强的抑制作用,具有广谱抗性。根据菌体特征、16S r DNA序列分析及生理生化指标的结果,初步鉴定该菌为死谷芽孢杆菌(Bacillus vallismortis wm005)。温室栽培试验表明菌株wm005对由西瓜枯萎病菌引起的西瓜枯萎病具有显著的防治效果(防效为75.1%),高出化学药剂百菌清防效16.9百分点,说明菌株Bacillus vallismortis wm005具有很好田间应用开发的潜力。
[Abstract]:In order to screen the new biocontrol bacteria against watermelon wilt, the antagonistic bacteria were isolated from tomato plants by dilute coating plate method. The broad-spectrum inhibition of pathogenic bacteria was studied by means of plate confrontation method. The biocontrol bacteria were preliminarily identified by combining the characteristics of bacteria with 16s r DNA sequence analysis and physiological and biochemical indexes, and the taxonomic status of the bacteria was determined. And the greenhouse cultivation test was used to study the effect of disease resistance. The results showed that a strain wm005, which had a significant antagonistic effect on Fusarium oxysporum, was isolated from tomato, and was resistant to Fusarium wilt, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Cucumber Blight, Strawberry Gray mildew, Wheat scab, Phytophthora capsici. Tomato wilt, rice cachexia and grape anthracnose showed strong inhibition and broad spectrum resistance. According to the sequence analysis of 16s r DNA and the results of physiological and biochemical indexes, the strain was identified as Bacillus vallismortis wm005. The greenhouse culture test showed that the strain wm005 had significant control effect on watermelon wilt caused by Fusarium wilt (75.1%), which was 16.9% higher than that of chlorothalonil. The results showed that the strain Bacillus vallismortis wm005 had a good potential for field application and development.
【作者单位】：江苏省农业科学院农产品质量安全与营养研究所;丽水出入境检验检疫局;
【基金】：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[编号:CX(15)1035] 江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(编号:BK20140745)
【分类号】：S436.5;S476.1

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