黄土丘陵区不同土地利用模式对深层土壤含水量的影响

发布时间：2018-07-10 00:26

本文选题：土壤水分 + 黄土高原　；参考：《应用生态学报》2017年03期

【摘要】：对陕北米脂人工经济林、神木退耕还林和榆林榆阳区防风固沙林具有代表性植被类型0~20 m土壤剖面水分特征的差异进行了研究,分析黄土丘陵区不同土地利用模式对深层土壤剖面水分分布和储存特征的影响及生态环境效应.结果表明:在0~20 m土层,不同位点具有代表性土地利用方式均影响土壤含水量的垂直分布;在整个剖面中,人工经济林土壤储水量有显著差异,为矮化枣树未矮化枣树,储水量相差587.9 mm;神木退耕还林和榆林榆阳区防风固沙林土壤剖面中土壤储水量无较大差异,在神木整个剖面中土壤储水量的大小为退化人工草地柠条林,储水量相差98.8 mm;在榆阳为荒草地樟子松,储水量相差7.5mm.与未矮化枣树相比,人工经济林矮化枣树减少了对土壤水分的消耗,矮化枣树冠幅较小,降低了蒸腾作用,从而更加有利于土壤水分的可持续利用;人工柠条林和退化人工草地土壤水分含量无明显差异,这是因为退化人工草地过去为苜蓿地,根系分布深以及生物量大,对土壤深层水分利用较大所致;防风固沙林樟子松与荒草地整个剖面中的平均土壤含水量较低,土壤砂粒含量较高,土壤持水性差,土壤含水量随土壤深度的增加而增加,平均土壤含水量分别为3.4%和3.6%,且该地植物对深层土壤水分影响有限.综上,土壤剖面中土壤水分除了受土壤质地的控制,不同土地利用模式由于植物根系不同,对土壤水分也产生较大的影响.为此,选择合适的植物对于土壤深层水的保护和持续利用非常重要.
[Abstract]:The differences of soil moisture characteristics of 0 ~ 20 m soil profile among artificial economic forest of rice fat, forest of Shenmu returning farmland to forest and wind and sand fixation forest with representative vegetation type in Yuyang district of Yulin were studied in this paper. The effects of different land use models on the water distribution and storage characteristics of deep soil profile in loess hilly region were analyzed. The results showed that the vertical distribution of soil water content was affected by different land use patterns at different sites in 0 ~ 20 m soil layer, and the soil water storage of artificial economic forest was significantly different from that of undwarfed jujube trees in the whole section. There was no significant difference in soil water storage in the soil profile of windbreak and sand fixation forest, and the soil water storage in the whole profile of Shenmu was degraded artificial grassland Caragana korshinskii forest, the difference of soil water storage was 587.9 mm, and there was no significant difference in soil water storage in the soil profile of windbreak and sand fixation forest in Yulin Yulin area. The difference of water storage capacity was 98.8 mm and 7.5 mm respectively, and that of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in Yuyang was 7.5 mm. Compared with the undwarfed jujube trees, the dwarf jujube trees in the artificial economic forest reduced the consumption of soil moisture, the crown width of the dwarfed jujube trees was smaller, and the transpiration was reduced, which was more conducive to the sustainable use of soil moisture. There was no significant difference in soil moisture content between artificial Caragana and degraded artificial grassland, because the degraded artificial grassland used to be alfalfa land, the root distribution was deep and biomass was large, and the water use in deep soil was larger. The average soil water content in the whole profile of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica and grassland is lower, the sand content is higher, the soil water holding capacity is poor, and the soil moisture content increases with the increase of soil depth. The average soil water content was 3.4% and 3.6%, respectively, and the effect of plants on the deep soil moisture was limited. In summary, soil moisture in soil profile is controlled by soil texture, and different land use patterns have great influence on soil moisture due to different plant roots. Therefore, the selection of suitable plants is very important for the protection and sustainable utilization of deep soil water.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学资源环境学院/农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室;西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院;国家节水灌溉杨凌工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室主任基金项目(K318009902-1427) 国家自然科学基金项目(4137124,41371233)资助~~
【分类号】：S152.7

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