畜禽粪便资源现状及替代化肥潜力研究:以安徽省固镇县为例

发布时间：2018-07-18 13:43

【摘要】：基于养殖业和种植业发展现状,综合考虑农作物种植面积、种植结构以及畜禽粪便处理技术等因素,估算固镇县分乡镇的固液粪便养分资源现状及其替代化肥的潜力。结果表明:(1)固镇县畜禽粪便中氮和磷养分量分别为11 456.93和2 954.09 t;在不施用化肥和不进行秸秆还田的情景下,各乡镇畜禽粪便的氮、磷供给量均未超过作物氮、磷养分需求量。(2)情景模拟表明,情景C(固体粪便收集后尽快经堆肥加工为有机肥,液体粪便收集生成沼气后其废物本地还田利用)为最佳模式,氮和磷的有效供给量分别为8 948.78和2 642.37 t,分别占作物氮、磷需求量的34%和54%,表明固镇县有足够的农用地消纳畜禽粪便,亟需改进畜禽粪便处理工艺,提高粪肥替代化肥潜力。(3)在情景C下,畜禽粪便中氮、磷养分替代化肥潜力为4 715.04和1 247.07 t,仲兴乡、任桥镇、刘集镇和杨庙乡替代化肥潜力最大。研究结果可为固镇畜禽养殖业发展规模的确定和畜禽粪便资源化利用提供决策支持。
[Abstract]:Based on the present situation of breeding and planting, and considering the factors such as crop planting area, planting structure and livestock and poultry manure treatment technology, the present situation of solid liquid manure nutrient resources and its potential to replace chemical fertilizer in towns and townships of Guzhen County were estimated. The results showed that: (1) the nitrogen and phosphorus contents in the feces of livestock and poultry in Guzhen County were 11 456.93 t and 2 954.09 t, respectively. Under the condition of no chemical fertilizer and no straw returning to the field, the nitrogen and phosphorus supply of livestock and poultry feces in each town did not exceed that of crop nitrogen. (2) the scenario simulation showed that scenario C (compost processing as soon as possible after solid manure collection, biogas from liquid waste collection and local utilization of waste) was the best model. The effective supply of nitrogen and phosphorus were 8 948.78 t and 2 642.37 t, respectively, which accounted for 34% and 54% of crop nitrogen and phosphorus demand, respectively. The results showed that there was enough agricultural land in Guzhen County to absorb livestock and poultry manure, and it was urgent to improve the treatment process of livestock and poultry manure. (3) under scenario C, the potential of nitrogen and phosphorus in manure was 4 715.04 t and 1 247.07 t respectively. Zhongxing Township, Renqiao Town, Liuji Town and Yangmiao Township had the greatest potential to replace fertilizer. The results can provide decision support for the determination of the development scale of livestock and poultry breeding industry and the utilization of livestock and poultry feces.
【作者单位】：北京农业信息技术研究中心;国家农业信息化工程技术研究中心;农业部农业信息技术重点实验室;北京市农业物联网工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0800904)
【分类号】：S141;X713

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