减氮配施有机肥对土壤碳库及玉米产量的影响

发布时间：2018-07-21 12:49

【摘要】：设减施氮肥(减氮20%A_1、减氮40%A_2)2个水平,配施有机肥(设不配施B_0、有机肥B_1、生物有机肥B_2)3个水平和不施氮(CK_0)、常规施氮N100%(CK_1)两个对照试验,研究减氮配施有机肥对川中丘陵土壤微生物量碳(MBC)、总有机碳(TOC)、活性有机碳(LOC)、碳库管理指数(CPMI)及玉米产量的影响,为川中丘陵玉米生产可持续的土壤肥料管理提供科学依据。结果表明,随施氮量的减少,MBC、TOC、LOC、CPMI均逐渐降低。与常规施氮(CK_1)相比,减氮20%、40%(A_1B_0、A_2B_0)处理MBC分别降低25.6 mg·kg~(-1)、35.08 mg·kg~(-1),TOC降低9.29%、26.46%,LOC降低3.88%、13.14%,CPMI降低1.32%、7.98%。减氮配施有机肥显著提高MBC、TOC、LOC、CPMI及产量。与不配施有机肥相比,减氮20%配施有机肥(A_1B_1、A_1B-2)TOC分别提高19.29%、37.26%,LOC提高24.54%、42.13%,CPMI提高25.13%、44.06%,产量提高14.8%、19.4%。减氮20%、40%配施有机肥处理土壤有机碳库总体变化趋势为A_1B-2A_1B_1A_2B_1A_2B_2。与CK_1相比,A_1B-2玉米产量提高495.79 kg·hm-~(2),MBC增加21.95 mg·kg~(-1),TOC增加25.50%,LOC增加36.81%,CPMI提高42.17%。土壤微生物量碳、总有机碳、活性有机碳、碳库管理指数与产量存在极显著相关性(P0.01)。活性有机碳与微生物量碳、总有机碳、碳库管理指数均存在极显著相关性,说明活性有机碳能很好地反映土壤肥力特性。减氮20%配施生物有机肥是促进土壤碳库积累、提高产量的推荐施肥措施。
[Abstract]:Two levels, two levels of nitrogen reduction fertilizer (reducing nitrogen 20% A1, nitrogen reducing 40%A_2), three levels of organic fertilizer (no B0, organic fertilizer B1, biological organic fertilizer B2) and two control trials, no nitrogen application (CK0), conventional nitrogen application (100% N0%), and organic fertilizer (B1), were set up. The effects of nitrogen reduction and organic fertilizer application on soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), total organic carbon (TOC), active organic carbon (LOC), carbon pool management index (CPMI) and maize yield in hilly soil of central Sichuan were studied. The results showed that the CPMI decreased gradually with the decrease of nitrogen application rate. Compared with CK _ (1), the MBC was reduced by 20% (A1B0 / A2B0) and reduced by 25.6 mg / kg ~ (-1) and 35.08 mg / kg ~ (-1) respectively. The decrease of LOC was 3.8813.14 (CPMI) and 1.327.98 (P < 0.05). Nitrogen reduction combined with organic fertilizer significantly increased CPMI and yield. Compared with those without organic fertilizer, the TOC of A1B1S / A1B-2 was increased by 19.29% and 37.26%, respectively. The increase of LOC was 24.54%, and the CPMI was increased by 25.13% and 44.06%, and the output was increased by 14.8% and 19.44.06, respectively. The overall change trend of soil organic carbon pool with 20% nitrogen reduction and organic fertilizer treatment was A1B-2A1B1A1A1A1A1A1A1A1A2BS (2B1A2B2S), which was the main trend of the change of soil organic carbon pool. Compared with CK1, the corn yield of A1B-2 was increased by 495.79 kg hm-2 and MBC was increased by 21.95 mg kg-1. The increase of TOC was 25.50 mg 路kg ~ (-1) and 25.50mg 路kg ~ (-1) respectively. Soil microbial biomass carbon, total organic carbon, active organic carbon and carbon pool management index were significantly correlated with yield (P0.01). There was a significant correlation between active organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon, total organic carbon and carbon pool management index, which indicated that active organic carbon could well reflect soil fertility characteristics. Nitrogen reduction of 20% combined with bio-organic fertilizer is a recommended fertilization measure to promote soil carbon pool accumulation and increase yield.
【作者单位】：四川农业大学农学院//农业部西南作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室;中江县农业局;成都盖尔盖司生物科技有限公司;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300307) 公益性行业科研专项(20150312705) 四川省科技支撑计划项目(2014NZ0040)
【分类号】：S153.6;S513

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