不同改良剂对盐碱土的影响研究
发布时间：2018-07-21 15:01
【摘要】：本研究主要目的是从脱硫石膏、粉煤灰、油脂素、沸石粒和钾粒五种物质的组合中筛选出对盐碱土改良效果最好的一个组合,这一研究不但有利于使得工农业生产中的废弃物质得到综合有效的利用,也能为实践中改良盐碱土提供实践指导依据。主要方法是通过盆栽试验研究这五种改良剂单一施用、两两组合施用和三种改良剂混合施用对盐碱土理化性质的影响。主要研究结果如下:(1)脱硫石膏、粉煤灰、油脂素、沸石、钾粒五种物质均能使盐碱土的p H值降低,石膏、粉煤灰和油脂素三者混合施用时效果最好。随着土壤培养时间的延长,土壤p H值有越来越小的趋势。(2)五种物质均能有效的促进土壤中Na+的淋洗,降低HCO3-含量,同时增加Ca2+、Mg2+、SO42-、K+含量。石膏、粉煤灰和油脂素三者混合施用时效果最好。随着培养时间的延长,土壤中Na+、HCO3-有越来越少的趋势,而其它几种盐离子趋势不明显。五种物质对土壤中Cl-的改良效果不显著。(3)五种改良物质中粉煤灰和油脂素能有效增加土壤中的有机质,石膏、粉煤灰和油脂素三者混合施用时效果最好,而沸石和钾粒对土壤有机质的增加效果不显著。五种改良剂对土壤全氮、全磷的改良规律与有机质一致。随着土壤培养时间的延长,各处理中盐碱土壤碱解氮、有效钾、速效磷含量呈越来越多的趋势,单一施用时对碱解氮和速效钾改良效果最好的是油脂素,对有效磷改良效果最好的是脱硫石膏,而其它改良效果不显著,石膏、粉煤灰和油脂素混合施用效果比其它各处理都好。(4)石膏、粉煤灰和油脂素三者混合施用时最有利于提高土壤的综合肥力。
[Abstract]:The main purpose of this study is to select the best combination of saline-alkali soil from the combination of desulphurized gypsum, fly ash, lipids, zeolites and potassium particles. This study is not only conducive to the comprehensive and effective utilization of waste matter in industrial and agricultural production, but also provides practical guidance for the improvement of saline-alkali soil in practice. The main method was to study the effects of the five modifiers on the physicochemical properties of saline-alkali soil by pot experiment. The main results are as follows: (1) Desulfurization gypsum, fly ash, lipids, zeolites and potassium particles can reduce the pH value of saline-alkali soil, and the best results are obtained when the mixture of gypsum, fly ash and lipids is applied. With the prolongation of soil culture time, the pH value of soil decreased more and more. (2) the five substances could effectively promote the leaching of Na, decrease the content of HCO _ 3-, and increase the content of Ca ~ (2 +) mg _ (2) so _ (4) _ (2) ~ (2) ~ (2). The effect of gypsum, fly ash and lipids is the best. With the increase of culture time, the trend of Na ~ (2 +) -HCO _ 3- in soil was less and less, but the trend of other salt ions was not obvious. (3) fly ash and lipids can effectively increase organic matter, gypsum, fly ash and lipids in soil. The effect of zeolite and potassium on the increase of soil organic matter was not significant. The improvement of soil total nitrogen and phosphorus by five modifiers is consistent with that of organic matter. With the extension of soil culture time, the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium and rapidly available phosphorus in saline-alkali soil showed more and more tendency. The best improvement effect of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium was lipids when applied alone. Desulphurization gypsum is the best one for the improvement of available phosphorus, but the effect of other improvement is not remarkable. The effect of mixed application of gypsum, fly ash and lipids is better than that of other treatments. (4) Gypsum, The mixed application of fly ash and lipids was most beneficial to improve the comprehensive fertility of soil.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S156.4
本文编号：2135901
[Abstract]:The main purpose of this study is to select the best combination of saline-alkali soil from the combination of desulphurized gypsum, fly ash, lipids, zeolites and potassium particles. This study is not only conducive to the comprehensive and effective utilization of waste matter in industrial and agricultural production, but also provides practical guidance for the improvement of saline-alkali soil in practice. The main method was to study the effects of the five modifiers on the physicochemical properties of saline-alkali soil by pot experiment. The main results are as follows: (1) Desulfurization gypsum, fly ash, lipids, zeolites and potassium particles can reduce the pH value of saline-alkali soil, and the best results are obtained when the mixture of gypsum, fly ash and lipids is applied. With the prolongation of soil culture time, the pH value of soil decreased more and more. (2) the five substances could effectively promote the leaching of Na, decrease the content of HCO _ 3-, and increase the content of Ca ~ (2 +) mg _ (2) so _ (4) _ (2) ~ (2) ~ (2). The effect of gypsum, fly ash and lipids is the best. With the increase of culture time, the trend of Na ~ (2 +) -HCO _ 3- in soil was less and less, but the trend of other salt ions was not obvious. (3) fly ash and lipids can effectively increase organic matter, gypsum, fly ash and lipids in soil. The effect of zeolite and potassium on the increase of soil organic matter was not significant. The improvement of soil total nitrogen and phosphorus by five modifiers is consistent with that of organic matter. With the extension of soil culture time, the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium and rapidly available phosphorus in saline-alkali soil showed more and more tendency. The best improvement effect of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and available potassium was lipids when applied alone. Desulphurization gypsum is the best one for the improvement of available phosphorus, but the effect of other improvement is not remarkable. The effect of mixed application of gypsum, fly ash and lipids is better than that of other treatments. (4) Gypsum, The mixed application of fly ash and lipids was most beneficial to improve the comprehensive fertility of soil.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S156.4
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