土壤原位酶谱技术研究进展

发布时间：2018-07-22 21:34

【摘要】：陆地生态系统中,土壤酶活性是衡量土壤肥力生物功能的重要指标。然而,当前通用的土壤酶学技术存在诸多缺陷,导致测定结果不能准确反映土壤酶活性与分布在环境中的真实情况,限制了土壤酶学的发展和土壤生物过程的研究。原位酶谱技术是以荧光底物为基础的新兴酶学技术,该技术不需破坏性取样,操作简单,准确度高,能在nm到μm的尺度上反应土壤酶活性的空间联系变化,很大程度上克服了传统土壤酶学技术的不足,近年来在土壤酶学研究中越来越受重视。本文概述了原位酶谱技术的发展过程及其原理与操作,首次综述了原位酶谱技术在土壤元素循环中的应用和成果,并展望了该技术的优化方向,以及与其他分析化学、酶学、分子生物学技术耦合应用在土壤生物过程研究中的价值,以期推动该技术的成熟与推广。
[Abstract]:In terrestrial ecosystem, soil enzyme activity is an important index to measure the biological function of soil fertility. However, there are many defects in the current general soil enzyme technology, which can not accurately reflect the true situation of soil enzyme activity and distribution in the environment, which limits the development of soil enzymology and the study of soil biological process. In situ zymography is a new enzymatic technique based on fluorescence substrate. It does not require destructive sampling, is easy to operate, has high accuracy, and can reflect the spatial association change of soil enzyme activity between nm and 渭 m. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the study of soil enzymes because of overcoming the shortcomings of traditional soil enzymology. In this paper, the development process, principle and operation of in situ zymogram technology are summarized, and the application and achievement of in situ zymogram technique in soil element cycling are reviewed for the first time. The optimization direction of this technique and its application to other analytical chemistry and enzymology are also prospected. The value of molecular biological technology coupling application in soil biological process research, in order to promote the maturation and popularization of this technology.
【作者单位】：江西师范大学生命科学学院;中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41430860,41301275,31360136,31560168) 江西省自然基金(20161BAB204175)资助
【分类号】：S154.2

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