曹县水土环境中氟的含量及分布特征
发布时间：2018-07-28 19:28
【摘要】：氟是人体必不可缺少的元素,少则引发龋齿,多则导致氟中毒。地方性氟中毒在我国广泛分布,防治形势严峻,鲁西南地区尤为严重。本论文旨在研究曹县地氟病区水土环境中氟的含量、空间分布特征及其赋存状态,探讨氟在水土环境中的相关关系,并利用丰富的第一手资料,对研究区内土壤、地下水中氟的分布态势进行模拟和制图,主要研究内容及结果如下:(1)系统采集研究区浅层和深层地下水样品,进行室内测试,分析地下水中氟的含量及分布特征。研究结果表明,地下水中的氟离子浓度平均值为1.26 mg/L,氟超标率为52.08%,超标严重;高氟水呈大块面状分布在研究区域的西北部以及东、中部,低氟区呈条状、带状分布在中部及南部;而地下水氟浓度在垂向上的分布规律有随着水位埋深的增大而递增的趋势。(2)研究区域高氟水的成因类型为溶滤—蒸发浓缩型。黄河冲积带来的泥砂含有大量的含氟矿物,为高氟水的形成提供了稳定的物质来源,以Na-HCO3、Na-SO4-HCO3型水为主的水化学特征为氟元素在地下水中富集提供了有利条件。(3)系统采集研究区表层土壤,并选择典型区采集不同深度沉积物样品,进行室内分析测试,研究土壤中氟的含量及分布特征。研究结果表明,表层土壤氟含量的平均值为455.95 mg/kg,深层土壤氟含量的平均值为470.94 mg/kg;土壤氟含量在水平方向上的分布情况比较简单,总体变化比较平缓;土壤氟含量在垂向上的分布随土壤深度与质地而波动,没有明显规律,而是与土壤质地有关。(4)本研究采用逐级化学提取的方法对土壤中不同形态氟进行浸提,探讨土壤中氟的赋存状态。研究结果表明,表层与深层土壤中氟的赋存形态因人为因素而略有不同,各个氟形态之间在一定条件下可以相互转化。(5)根据以上的研究结果,结合土柱模拟实验分析地下水中氟浓度与土壤中氟含量的相关关系。研究结果表明,地下水氟浓度与表层土壤氟含量没有明显的相关性,水溶态氟是地下水中氟的来源,而地层中土壤质地是氟源能否进入地下水的决定性因素。
[Abstract]:Fluorine is an indispensable element in the human body, less lead to dental caries, many lead to fluorosis. Endemic fluorosis is widely distributed in China, the situation of prevention and treatment is grim, especially in southwest Shandong. The purpose of this paper is to study the content, spatial distribution and occurrence of fluorine in the soil and water environment of the endemic fluorosis area of Cao County, and to explore the correlation between fluorine and water and soil environment, and to make use of abundant first-hand data to study the soil in the study area. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) the samples of shallow and deep groundwater in the study area are collected systematically, and the contents and distribution characteristics of fluoride in groundwater are analyzed. The results show that the average concentration of fluorine ion in groundwater is 1.26 mg / L, the fluorine excess rate is 52.08, and the high fluorine water is distributed in the northwest of the study area, in the east and in the middle, and in the low fluorine area. The distribution of groundwater fluoride concentration in the vertical direction tends to increase with the increase of water level depth. (2) the genetic type of high fluorine water in the study area is dissolved filtration and evaporation concentration. The mud sand from the Yellow River alluvial contains a large amount of fluorine-bearing minerals, which provides a stable material source for the formation of high-fluorine water. The hydrochemical characteristics of Na-HCO3-Na-SO4-HCO3 type water provide favorable conditions for the enrichment of fluorine elements in groundwater. (3) the surface soil of the study area is collected systematically, and samples of sediments of different depths are collected from typical areas for indoor analysis and test. The content and distribution of fluorine in soil were studied. The results showed that the average fluorine content of surface soil was 455.95 mg / kg, and that of deep soil was 470.94 mg / kg. The distribution of soil fluoride in vertical direction fluctuates with soil depth and texture, but is related to soil texture. (4) in this study, different forms of fluorine in soil were extracted by stepwise chemical extraction. The occurrence of fluorine in soil was studied. The results show that the occurrence forms of fluorine in surface and deep soil are slightly different from those in human factors, and each fluorine form can be transformed to each other under certain conditions. (5) based on the above results, The correlation between fluorine concentration in groundwater and fluorine content in soil was analyzed by soil column simulation experiment. The results show that there is no obvious correlation between fluoride concentration in groundwater and fluorine content in surface soil. Water soluble fluoride is the source of fluorine in groundwater, and the soil texture in stratum is the decisive factor for fluorine source to enter groundwater.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S151.9;P641.3
本文编号：2151349
[Abstract]:Fluorine is an indispensable element in the human body, less lead to dental caries, many lead to fluorosis. Endemic fluorosis is widely distributed in China, the situation of prevention and treatment is grim, especially in southwest Shandong. The purpose of this paper is to study the content, spatial distribution and occurrence of fluorine in the soil and water environment of the endemic fluorosis area of Cao County, and to explore the correlation between fluorine and water and soil environment, and to make use of abundant first-hand data to study the soil in the study area. The main contents and results are as follows: (1) the samples of shallow and deep groundwater in the study area are collected systematically, and the contents and distribution characteristics of fluoride in groundwater are analyzed. The results show that the average concentration of fluorine ion in groundwater is 1.26 mg / L, the fluorine excess rate is 52.08, and the high fluorine water is distributed in the northwest of the study area, in the east and in the middle, and in the low fluorine area. The distribution of groundwater fluoride concentration in the vertical direction tends to increase with the increase of water level depth. (2) the genetic type of high fluorine water in the study area is dissolved filtration and evaporation concentration. The mud sand from the Yellow River alluvial contains a large amount of fluorine-bearing minerals, which provides a stable material source for the formation of high-fluorine water. The hydrochemical characteristics of Na-HCO3-Na-SO4-HCO3 type water provide favorable conditions for the enrichment of fluorine elements in groundwater. (3) the surface soil of the study area is collected systematically, and samples of sediments of different depths are collected from typical areas for indoor analysis and test. The content and distribution of fluorine in soil were studied. The results showed that the average fluorine content of surface soil was 455.95 mg / kg, and that of deep soil was 470.94 mg / kg. The distribution of soil fluoride in vertical direction fluctuates with soil depth and texture, but is related to soil texture. (4) in this study, different forms of fluorine in soil were extracted by stepwise chemical extraction. The occurrence of fluorine in soil was studied. The results show that the occurrence forms of fluorine in surface and deep soil are slightly different from those in human factors, and each fluorine form can be transformed to each other under certain conditions. (5) based on the above results, The correlation between fluorine concentration in groundwater and fluorine content in soil was analyzed by soil column simulation experiment. The results show that there is no obvious correlation between fluoride concentration in groundwater and fluorine content in surface soil. Water soluble fluoride is the source of fluorine in groundwater, and the soil texture in stratum is the decisive factor for fluorine source to enter groundwater.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S151.9;P641.3
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