不同施肥处理对污灌区土壤中Pb、Cu和Zn的影响

发布时间：2018-07-29 08:08

【摘要】：为了研究施用沼肥对受到重金属污染土壤的影响,以Pb、Cu、Zn为研究对象,用盆栽的方式,以抗病苏州青油菜为种植作物,选取污灌区土壤,采用改进的BCR连续提取法分析重金属形态,通过基肥与追肥配合施用,研究沼渣与沼液配合施用和猪粪与化肥配合施用对土壤重金属的影响,为沼肥的合理安全利用提供理论依据。试验结果表明:沼渣沼液配合施用可以降低污灌区土壤中Pb、Cu、Zn含量,其含量分别为47.65,178.31,589.13mg·kg~(-1),过量施用沼渣沼液后土壤中Pb含量进一步降低,达到36.23mg·kg~(-1),Cu、Zn含量无明显变化。沼渣沼液配合施用可以降低污灌区土壤中Pb、Cu、Zn有效态含量,其含量分别为34.23,163.13,565.92mg·kg~(-1),过量施用沼渣沼液后,Pb有效态含量有所降低,Cu、Zn有效态含量进一步增加。沼渣沼液配合施用可以增加污灌区土壤中残渣态Pb、Cu、Zn的含量,过量施用沼渣沼液后土壤中Pb、Cu、Zn残渣态含量均有不同程度的减少。猪粪化肥配合施用会增加土壤中Cu、Zn含量以及Pb、Cu、Zn有效态和残渣态含量。施用沼渣+沼液或猪粪+化肥均可以降低污灌区土壤中重金属Pb、Cu、Zn的酸提取态和可还原态百分量之和,但猪粪与化肥配合施用效果优于沼渣与沼液配合施用,且差异显著(p0.05)。综合考虑沼肥施用和猪粪化肥配合施用对污灌区土壤重金属Pb、Cu、Zn含量、有效态、残渣态及酸提取态和可还原态百分量之和的影响可以得出,施用沼肥可以在一定程度上缓解污灌区土壤中Pb、Cu、Zn对土地和环境造成的风险。
[Abstract]:In order to study the effect of biogas fertilizer application on soil polluted by heavy metals, the soil of polluted irrigated area was selected in this paper. The effects of combined application of biogas residue and biogas liquid and pig manure and chemical fertilizer on heavy metals in soil were studied by using improved BCR continuous extraction method. It provides a theoretical basis for the rational and safe utilization of biogas fertilizer. The results showed that the combined application of biogas residue and biogas liquid could reduce the content of Pb ~ (2 +) in soil of sewage irrigation area, which was 47.65178.31589.13mg kg-1, and the content of Pb in soil decreased further after excessive application of biogas sludge, and reached the level of 36.23mg (kg ~ (-1) and the content of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in soil had no obvious change. Combined application of biogas residue and biogas liquid can reduce the available state content of Pb ~ (2 +) in the soil of sewage irrigation area, which is 34.23163.13565.92mg kg-1, and the content of Pb ~ (2 +) decreases further after excessive application of the biogas residue biogas liquid, and the available state content of Cu ~ (2 +) Cu ~ (2 +) in the soil is further increased. Combined application of biogas residue biogas liquid can increase the content of residual PbCU Zn in soil of sewage irrigation area, and the content of PbCU Cu Zn in soil can be decreased in different degree after excessive application of biogas liquid. Combined application of fertiliser in pig manure could increase the content of Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in soil and the available and residual contents of Pb ~ (2 +) Cu ~ (2 +) ~ (2 +) Zn. The application of biogas residue biogas liquid or pig manure fertilizer could reduce the sum of 100 components of heavy metal Pb ~ (2 +) Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in the soil of sewage irrigation area, but the effect of combined application of pig manure and fertilizer was better than that of biogas residue and biogas slurry (p0.05). The effects of combined application of biogas fertilizer and pig manure fertilizer on the content, available state, residue state, acid extractable state and reducible fraction of heavy metal in soil of sewage irrigation area can be obtained. The application of biogas fertilizer can alleviate the risk to soil and environment caused by Pb ~ (2 +) Cu ~ (2 +) Zn in soil of sewage irrigated area to some extent.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学工程学院;
【基金】：辽宁省自然基金面上项目(20170540813,2015020635)
【分类号】：S153;X53

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