喷施中性多聚糖对黄土坡面降雨入渗的影响

发布时间：2018-08-08 18:09

【摘要】：中性多聚糖(Jag S)是一种新型高聚物,研究该高聚物对黄土坡面降雨入渗的影响可对采用土壤侵蚀化学调控技术措施防治黄土坡面土壤侵蚀提供新的理论基础。通过人工模拟降雨试验,研究不同雨强(1.0、1.5、2.0 mm min-1),不同坡度(10°、15°、20°)条件下,坡面降雨入渗及产流时间与喷施不同剂量(1、3、5 g m-2)Jag S之间的关系。结果表明:在不同坡度不同雨强下,与裸露坡面相比,喷施3种剂量的高分子化学材料Jag S均减少了前期降雨入渗率,但1及3 g m-2剂量Jag S处理能够明显提高黄土坡面入渗性能,减缓入渗在整个降雨过程的下降趋势,提高稳渗率,强化入渗效应均值分别为21.53%及9.17%,大剂量(5 g m-2)Jag S反而降低了土壤入渗性能(小雨强下除外)。喷施不同剂量Jag S的坡面其产流开始时间差异很小,但均早于裸露坡面,且表现为Jag S喷施剂量越大,坡面越早产流,大坡度大剂量对降雨产流时间影响较大。三个剂量对应产流时间提前百分比均值分别为47.26%、50.47%及66.28%。总之,Jag S在一定程度上能改善黄土坡面土壤结构,提高黄土坡面降雨入渗性能,从而降低土壤侵蚀,为采用高聚物进行水土保持提供了科学依据。
[Abstract]:Neutral polycarbohydrate (Jag S) is a new type of polymer. The study of the effect of the polymer on rainfall infiltration on loess slope surface can provide a new theoretical basis for the application of chemical control measures to control soil erosion on loess slope surface. Through artificial simulated rainfall experiment, the relationship between rainfall infiltration and runoff time and different dose (1 ~ 3 ~ 3 ~ 5 g m ~ (-2) Jag S) was studied under different rainfall intensity (1.0 ~ 1.5mm min-1) and different slope (10 掳~ 15 掳~ (20 掳). The results showed that under different slope degrees and different rain intensities, compared with bare slope, spraying three kinds of polymer chemical materials Jag S reduced the rainfall infiltration rate in the early stage. However, the treatment of 1 and 3 g m-2 Jag S could obviously improve the infiltration performance of loess slope surface, slow down the downward trend of infiltration in the whole rainfall process, and increase the steady infiltration rate. The mean values of enhanced infiltration were 21.53% and 9.17%, respectively. However, high dose (5 g m ~ (-2) Jag S) decreased soil infiltration performance (except for light rain). There was little difference in the onset time of runoff on the slope with different doses of Jag S, but it was earlier than that on the bare slope, and the higher the spraying dose of Jag S was, the earlier the runoff was on the slope, and the larger the slope was, the greater the time of rainfall runoff was. The average percentage of the three doses corresponding to the earlier time of runoff production was 47.26% and 66.28%, respectively. In a word, Jag S can improve the soil structure of loess slope to a certain extent, improve the performance of rainfall infiltration on loess slope, thus reduce soil erosion, and provide scientific basis for soil and water conservation by using high polymer.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;陕西师范大学旅游与环境学院;黄河西峰水土保持治理监督局;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41471230,41601282) 陕西省自然科学基金项目(2015JQ4115) 国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0402401)资助~~
【分类号】：S157

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