艾比湖湿地边缘带典型植物群落光合与土壤呼吸特征研究

发布时间：2018-08-09 12:38

【摘要】：在陆地三大生态系统中,湿地生态系统具有较强的固碳功能,湿地的固碳能力与全球生态系统的平衡紧密相连。艾比湖湿地为我国西北干旱区面积较大的湿地之一,湿地边缘带具有丰富的植物资源,植物的光合作用能够快速降低大气中CO2浓度,对提高湿地碳循环能力具有重要的影响,因此对艾比湖湿地边缘带植物光合作用和土壤呼吸作用进行研究具有重要的理论和现实意义。本文以艾比湖湿地边缘带芦苇、柽柳群落的光合速率与土壤呼吸速率为研究对象,采用LI-6400便携式光合仪和LI-8100土壤呼吸仪,于2013年9月对芦苇、柽柳两类植物群落的光合速率及土壤呼吸速率进行测定。分析了两植物光合速率和根部土壤呼吸速率日变化特征,并通过Pearson相关分析法和CATREG回归分析法探讨了两类植物光合速率与环境因子、土壤呼吸速率与环境因子以及植物光合速率与根部土壤呼吸的关系,确立植物光合速率、土壤呼吸速率与环境因子以及植物与土壤碳库对湿地碳库的影响机制,对定性评价艾比湖湿地的生态服务价值提供理论依据,研究结果如下:(1)两类植物的光合速率日变化特征均表现出双峰曲线变化趋势,两类植物的两次峰值出现时间接近一致,首次出现时间为11:00,第二次峰值出现时间为13:00。两类植物的光合速率峰值范围存在一定的差异,芦苇光合速率首次峰值第二次峰值,柽柳光合速率首次峰值第二次峰值,两类植物之间光合速率大小也存在不同。(2)两类植物群落下土壤呼吸速率日变化特征表现不同。芦苇群落土壤呼吸速率变化特征表现为弱双峰曲线,柽柳群落土壤呼吸速率表现为单峰曲线。土壤呼吸速率峰值与芦苇光合速率峰值出现时间相比较,两次均推后约1小时,光合速率与土壤呼吸速率不具同步性。(3)植物光合速率与环境因子的相关分析表明,影响植物光合速率发生变化的因子种类众多,其中太阳辐射、大气CO2浓度、大气相对湿度、温度、蒸腾速率对植物的光合速率影响存在一定的差异,各类因子之间相互作用共同形成影响植物光合速率的体系。各类因子与芦苇、柽柳光合速率的相关性存在显著差异。芦苇光合速率与蒸腾速率、空气相对湿度、太阳辐射之间相关性较高,与温度和CO2浓度相关性不显著;柽柳光合速率与太阳辐射呈极显著正相关,与CO2浓度呈负相关,与蒸腾速率、温度变化相关性不显著,与空气相对湿度弱相关。(4)土壤呼吸速率与环境因子的相关分析说明,0~5cm土层温度和湿度与芦苇群落下土壤的呼吸速率具有显著的相关性。0~5cm土层湿度和近地面大气CO2浓度与柽柳群落下土壤的呼吸速率具有显著相关性。两类植物群落下土壤呼吸速率与环境因子的相关性二者之间存在一定的差异。(5)植物光合速率与土壤呼吸速率相互影响,柽柳群落的光合速率与根部土壤呼吸速率具有显著相关性,芦苇群落的光合速率与根部土壤呼吸速率相关性较弱。
[Abstract]:In the three major terrestrial ecosystems, the wetland ecosystem has a strong carbon sequestration function, and the carbon sequestration capacity of the wetland is closely connected with the balance of the global ecosystem. The wetland is one of the larger wetlands in the arid area of Northwest China. The edge of the wetland has a rich plant resources, and the photosynthesis of the plant can rapidly reduce the atmosphere. The concentration of CO2 has an important influence on improving the carbon cycling ability of wetland. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the photosynthesis and soil respiration of the wetland edge zone of the Ebinur Lake. In this paper, the photosynthetic rate and soil respiration rate of the reed and Tamarix communities in the wetland of Ebinur Lake are studied by LI-640. The photosynthetic rate and soil respiration rate of two plant communities of reed and Tamarix were measured in September 2013 by 0 portable photosynthetic apparatus and LI-8100 soil breathing apparatus. The photosynthetic rate of two plants and the daily changes of soil respiration rate in root were analyzed. The photosynthesis of two types of plants was discussed by Pearson correlation analysis and CATREG regression analysis. The relationship between rate and environmental factors, soil respiration rate and environmental factors, plant photosynthesis rate and root soil respiration, and the mechanism of plant photosynthesis rate, soil respiration rate and environmental factors and the influence mechanism of plant and soil carbon pool on wetland carbon pool, provide a theoretical basis for qualitative evaluation of ecological service value of Ebei Lake wetland. The results are as follows: (1) the diurnal variation characteristics of photosynthetic rate of the two types of plants all show the trend of the Shuangfeng curve, the two peak peak time of the two plants is close to the same time, the first time is 11:00, the second peak time is a certain difference in the range of photosynthetic rate peak value of the 13:00. two plants, and the photosynthetic rate of reed is the first time. The peak second peak value, the first peak value of the photosynthesis rate of Tamarix, and the photosynthetic rate between two kinds of plants are different. (2) the diurnal variation characteristics of soil respiration rate under the two plant communities are different. The soil respiration rate of the reed community is characterized by the weak Shuangfeng curve, and the soil respiration rate of the Tamarix community is single. Peak curve. The peak of soil respiration rate was compared with the peak time of photosynthetic rate of reed. The two times were about 1 hours, and the photosynthetic rate was not synchronized with the soil respiration rate. (3) the correlation analysis between photosynthetic rate and environmental factors showed that there were many factors affecting the photosynthetic rate of plants, including solar radiation and atmosphere. The effects of CO2 concentration, atmospheric relative humidity, temperature and transpiration rate on the photosynthetic rate of plants were different. The interaction of various factors together formed a system to influence the photosynthetic rate of plants. The correlation of various factors with the rate of reed and Tamarix Liu Guanghe was significantly different. Reed photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate, relative humidity of air. The correlation between the solar radiation and the temperature and the CO2 concentration was not significant. The photosynthesis rate of Tamarix was significantly positively correlated with the solar radiation, and was negatively correlated with the concentration of CO2. The correlation with the transpiration rate, the temperature change was not significant, and the relative humidity of the air was weak. (4) the correlation analysis of soil respiration rate and environmental factors explained that 0~5cm soil was the correlation of soil respiration rate and environmental factors. There is a significant correlation between the layer temperature and the humidity and the respiration rate of soil under the reed community. The.0~5cm soil moisture and the CO2 concentration in the near ground atmosphere have significant correlation with the respiration rate of the soil under the Tamarix colony. There is a certain difference between the soil respiration rate and the environmental factors under the two plant communities. (5) plant light The photosynthetic rate of the Tamarix community has a significant correlation with the soil respiration rate in the root, and the photosynthetic rate of the reed community has a weak correlation with the soil respiration rate in the root.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：Q945.11;S154

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