不同处理方式的粪肥对水稻生长和温室气体排放的影响
发布时间：2018-08-11 16:33
【摘要】：通过水稻盆栽试验研究施用新型快腐粪肥、条垛堆肥和未经处理鲜粪对水稻产量和养分利用效率以及CH_4和N_2O等温室气体排放的影响,同时设置不施肥对照,评估不同处理方式粪肥的肥效和环境效应.结果表明:施用快腐粪肥可以明显促进水稻生长、增加水稻产量,且增产效果显著高于鲜粪和条垛堆肥(P0.05);等量和等氮施用快腐粪肥处理的水稻产量分别比鲜粪和条垛堆肥处理增加38.72%、35.80%和44.67%、41.63%.与鲜粪和条垛堆肥相比,等量和等氮条件下施用快腐粪肥其氮、磷、钾养分的农学利用效率和当季利用效率显著增加(P0.05).施用条垛堆肥处理的CH_4、N_2O排放以及单位产量全球增温潜势(GHGI)均为最低.施用鲜粪显著增加CH_4排放,而N_2O排放增加不显著(P0.05),其GHGI显著高于条垛堆肥和快腐粪肥(P0.05);鲜粪经快速物化促腐处理后施用可以显著减少CH_4排放(P0.05),虽然N_2O排放有增加趋势,但其GHGI显著降低(P0.05).因此,物化促腐技术处理快速、经济高效、环保低碳,可广泛应用于畜禽养殖场的粪便处理和有机肥生产.(图1表5参40)
[Abstract]:The effects of the application of new fast rot manure, stacked compost and untreated fresh manure on rice yield and nutrient utilization efficiency, as well as greenhouse gas emissions such as CH_4 and N2O were studied by pot experiment. To evaluate the fertilizer efficiency and environmental effects of different treatments. The results showed that the application of fast-rot manure could obviously promote the growth of rice and increase the yield of rice. The yield of rice treated with the same amount and equal nitrogen was 38.72% and 44.67% higher than that of fresh manure and strip pile compost (P 0.05), and the rice yield increased by 38.72% and 44.67% respectively. Compared with fresh manure and stacking compost, the agricultural utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the utilization efficiency of the current season were significantly increased under the same amount and equal nitrogen condition (P0.05). The CH4N _ 2O emission and the global temperature potential (GHGI) per unit yield of CH4GN _ 2O treated by stack-compost treatment were the lowest. Application of fresh manure significantly increased CH_4 emissions, but N2O emissions did not increase significantly (P0.05), but the GHGI of fresh manure was significantly higher than that of stacking compost and fast-rot manure (P0.05), and that of fresh manure treated by rapid physicochemical treatment could significantly reduce CH_4 emissions (P0.05), although N2O emission had a tendency to increase. But its GHGI decreased significantly (P0.05). Therefore, the technology of physical and chemical degradation is rapid, economical and efficient, environmental protection and low carbon. It can be widely used in manure treatment and organic fertilizer production in livestock and poultry farms. (fig 1, Table 5, Ref 40)
【作者单位】： 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05020803,XDA05020800) 国家自然科学基金面上项目(21377137)资助~~
【分类号】：S511;S141
本文编号：2177588
[Abstract]:The effects of the application of new fast rot manure, stacked compost and untreated fresh manure on rice yield and nutrient utilization efficiency, as well as greenhouse gas emissions such as CH_4 and N2O were studied by pot experiment. To evaluate the fertilizer efficiency and environmental effects of different treatments. The results showed that the application of fast-rot manure could obviously promote the growth of rice and increase the yield of rice. The yield of rice treated with the same amount and equal nitrogen was 38.72% and 44.67% higher than that of fresh manure and strip pile compost (P 0.05), and the rice yield increased by 38.72% and 44.67% respectively. Compared with fresh manure and stacking compost, the agricultural utilization efficiency of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium and the utilization efficiency of the current season were significantly increased under the same amount and equal nitrogen condition (P0.05). The CH4N _ 2O emission and the global temperature potential (GHGI) per unit yield of CH4GN _ 2O treated by stack-compost treatment were the lowest. Application of fresh manure significantly increased CH_4 emissions, but N2O emissions did not increase significantly (P0.05), but the GHGI of fresh manure was significantly higher than that of stacking compost and fast-rot manure (P0.05), and that of fresh manure treated by rapid physicochemical treatment could significantly reduce CH_4 emissions (P0.05), although N2O emission had a tendency to increase. But its GHGI decreased significantly (P0.05). Therefore, the technology of physical and chemical degradation is rapid, economical and efficient, environmental protection and low carbon. It can be widely used in manure treatment and organic fertilizer production in livestock and poultry farms. (fig 1, Table 5, Ref 40)
【作者单位】： 中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA05020803,XDA05020800) 国家自然科学基金面上项目(21377137)资助~~
【分类号】：S511;S141
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相关重要报纸文章 前2条
1 桂熙娟;分期调控提高养分利用效率[N];科技日报;2008年
2 桂熙娟邋宁启文;农业生态系统提高养分利用效率路在何方[N];农民日报;2008年
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