稀土尾矿库复合污染对周边土壤肥力的影响
发布时间：2018-08-13 19:16
【摘要】：以某尾矿库南侧湿地土壤以及西侧农田土壤作为研究对象,以相对无污染的小白河黄河湿地自然保护区等3个地区为对照样地,通过测定土壤中砷(As)、镉(Cd)、铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、镍(Ni)、铅(Pb)、锌(Zn)元素的含量,以及全磷、水解氮、速效钾和有机质等养分含量,同时测定碱性磷酸酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蔗糖酶等酶活性,评价土壤肥力状况并分析其相关性,从而探讨稀土尾矿库复合污染对周边土壤肥力的影响。结果显示,湿地土壤中重金属元素Cd、As、Pb、Cr和Ni均在不同程度上超过国家背景值,As元素超过了GB15618—1995《土壤环境质量标准》中的二级标准。土壤养分水解氮含量在湿地土壤中随着与尾矿库距离的增加显著降低(P0.05),而在农田土壤中则表现为逐渐上升趋势。土壤总磷含量在尾矿库、黄河湿地土壤中含量差异不大,在农田土壤中总体呈下降趋势。速效钾含量在湿地土壤中普遍偏低,而在农田土壤中较高,且随着与尾矿库距离的增加而显著增加(P0.05)。土壤过氧化氢酶活性在湿地土壤中显著高于农田土壤,且在农田土壤中随着与尾矿库距离的增加显著降低(P0.05)。农田土壤碱性磷酸酶和脲酶活性均高于尾矿库、黄河湿地土壤,且农田土壤中酶活性随着与尾矿库距离的增加而显著增加(P0.05)。尾矿库湿地、农田土壤中蔗糖酶活性也是随着与尾矿库距离的增加而逐渐升高。土壤养分整体优劣程度表现为有机质全磷水解氮速效钾,且农田土壤湿地土壤。重金属含量、土壤养分含量和土壤酶活性3类指标之间均有不同程度的相关性,整体而言,重金属元素含量与土壤酶活性的相关性高于重金属元素含量与土壤养分含量的相关性。
[Abstract]:The wetland soil on the south side of a tailings reservoir and the farmland soil on the west side of the tailings reservoir were taken as the research objects, and three areas, namely the Xiaobaihe Yellow River Wetland Nature Reserve, which was relatively non-polluted, were taken as the control plots. The contents of (Zn), total phosphorus, hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium and organic matter in soil were determined by measuring the contents of as, (As), CD, Cr, Cr, Cu, Cu, (Ni), Pb, Zn, (Zn), as well as the activities of alkaline phosphatase, urease, catalase and sucrase, etc. Soil fertility was evaluated and its correlation was analyzed, so as to explore the effect of complex pollution of rare earth tailings pool on soil fertility around it. The results showed that the heavy metal elements in wetland soil were higher than the national background value, such as Cr and Ni, to some extent, and exceeded the second grade standard of GB15618-1995 (soil Environmental quality Standard). The soil nutrient hydrolyzed nitrogen content in wetland soil decreased significantly with the increase of the distance from tailing pool (P0.05), but in farmland soil it showed a gradual upward trend. The content of total phosphorus in the tailing pond and the Yellow River wetland soil had little difference, but the total phosphorus content in the farmland soil showed a downward trend. The content of available potassium was generally low in wetland soil, but higher in farmland soil, and increased significantly with the increase of distance from tailings (P0.05). The activity of catalase in wetland soil was significantly higher than that in farmland soil, and decreased significantly with the increase of the distance from tailing pool in farmland soil (P0.05). The activities of alkaline phosphatase and urease in farmland soil were higher than those in tailing pool, and the enzyme activity in soil of Yellow River wetland increased significantly with the increase of distance from tailing pool (P0.05). The activities of sucrase in the wetland and farmland soil increased with the increase of the distance from the tailing pool to the tailing pool. The whole soil nutrient level is organic matter total phosphorus hydrolyzed nitrogen available potassium, and farmland soil wetland soil. Heavy metal content, soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity were all correlated in different degrees. The correlation between heavy metal content and soil enzyme activity was higher than that between heavy metal content and soil nutrient content.
【作者单位】： 内蒙古科技大学内蒙古自治区白云鄂博矿多金属资源综合利用重点实验室;内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院;内蒙古科技大学生物工程与技术研究所;内蒙古科技大学人文与法律学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(编号:31460142) 公益性行业(环境保护)科研专项(编号:201309005) 内蒙古自然科学基金(编号:2014BS0311、2015MS0332)
【分类号】：S158;X82
本文编号：2181929
[Abstract]:The wetland soil on the south side of a tailings reservoir and the farmland soil on the west side of the tailings reservoir were taken as the research objects, and three areas, namely the Xiaobaihe Yellow River Wetland Nature Reserve, which was relatively non-polluted, were taken as the control plots. The contents of (Zn), total phosphorus, hydrolyzed nitrogen, available potassium and organic matter in soil were determined by measuring the contents of as, (As), CD, Cr, Cr, Cu, Cu, (Ni), Pb, Zn, (Zn), as well as the activities of alkaline phosphatase, urease, catalase and sucrase, etc. Soil fertility was evaluated and its correlation was analyzed, so as to explore the effect of complex pollution of rare earth tailings pool on soil fertility around it. The results showed that the heavy metal elements in wetland soil were higher than the national background value, such as Cr and Ni, to some extent, and exceeded the second grade standard of GB15618-1995 (soil Environmental quality Standard). The soil nutrient hydrolyzed nitrogen content in wetland soil decreased significantly with the increase of the distance from tailing pool (P0.05), but in farmland soil it showed a gradual upward trend. The content of total phosphorus in the tailing pond and the Yellow River wetland soil had little difference, but the total phosphorus content in the farmland soil showed a downward trend. The content of available potassium was generally low in wetland soil, but higher in farmland soil, and increased significantly with the increase of distance from tailings (P0.05). The activity of catalase in wetland soil was significantly higher than that in farmland soil, and decreased significantly with the increase of the distance from tailing pool in farmland soil (P0.05). The activities of alkaline phosphatase and urease in farmland soil were higher than those in tailing pool, and the enzyme activity in soil of Yellow River wetland increased significantly with the increase of distance from tailing pool (P0.05). The activities of sucrase in the wetland and farmland soil increased with the increase of the distance from the tailing pool to the tailing pool. The whole soil nutrient level is organic matter total phosphorus hydrolyzed nitrogen available potassium, and farmland soil wetland soil. Heavy metal content, soil nutrient content and soil enzyme activity were all correlated in different degrees. The correlation between heavy metal content and soil enzyme activity was higher than that between heavy metal content and soil nutrient content.
【作者单位】： 内蒙古科技大学内蒙古自治区白云鄂博矿多金属资源综合利用重点实验室;内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院;内蒙古科技大学生物工程与技术研究所;内蒙古科技大学人文与法律学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(编号:31460142) 公益性行业(环境保护)科研专项(编号:201309005) 内蒙古自然科学基金(编号:2014BS0311、2015MS0332)
【分类号】：S158;X82
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，本文编号：2181929
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