长武塬边坡不同植被下土壤团聚体及入渗特征

发布时间：2018-08-22 10:13

【摘要】：黄土塬塬坡的水土流失一直是一个重要热点问题而得到广泛关注。本文以长武塬边坡的刺槐、侧柏和草地3种植被类型为研究对象,于2016年5月测定了3类样地0~30 cm土壤的水稳性团聚体组成、有机碳含量(SOC)及土壤稳定入渗率(SIR)等土壤物理性质,探讨不同植被类型下土壤团聚体和入渗特征的差异性。结果表明:刺槐林地表层0~30 cm土壤水稳性团聚体的平均质量直径(MWD)、分形维数(D)、SOC及SIR的测定结果为:2.63 mm、2.60、5.62 g/kg和10.40 mm/min;侧柏林地分别为3.67 mm、2.60、4.87 g/kg和5.41 mm/min;草地分别为2.44 mm、2.58、6.07 g/kg和12.45 mm/min。结果表明:草地和刺槐林地的土壤结构性状相对优良,SOC高且入渗能力强,有利于长武塬边坡地区的水土保持,侧柏林地虽具有一定的大团聚体塑造能力,但其土壤SOC和入渗能力相对较低,不利于降水的就地入渗。因此,建议适度种植常绿性(侧柏)树种,合理配置该地区退耕还林还草植被类型。
[Abstract]:Soil erosion has been an important hot issue in loess tableland slope and has been paid more and more attention. In this paper, the composition of water-stable aggregates in the soil of 0 ~ 30 cm soil of three types of plots, Robinia pseudoacacia, Platycladus orientalis and grassland, was determined in May 2016. Soil physical properties such as organic carbon content (SOC) and stable infiltration rate (SIR) were studied to explore the differences of soil aggregate and infiltration characteristics under different vegetation types. The results showed that the average mass diameters of soil water stable aggregates in the surface layer of Robinia pseudoacacia were 0.30 cm, the (MWD), fractal dimension of (D) and SIR were 2.63 mm, 5.62 g/kg and 10.40 mm 路min, those of Platycladus orientalis forest were 3.67 mm, 2.60 卤4.87 g/kg and 5.41 mm / min, respectively, and that of grassland were 2.44 mm, 2.58 卤6.07 g/kg and 12.45 mm 路min, respectively. The results showed that the soil structure characters of grassland and Robinia pseudoacacia forest were relatively good, SOC was high and infiltration ability was strong, which was beneficial to soil and water conservation in Changwu tableland slope area, although Platycladus orientalis woodland had the ability to shape large aggregates. However, the soil SOC and infiltration capacity are relatively low, which is not conducive to the in-situ infiltration of precipitation. Therefore, it is suggested that evergreen (Platycladus orientalis) species should be planted moderately and the vegetation types of returning cropland to forest and grassland should be reasonably allocated.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所;中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41471439、41171421)
【分类号】：S157

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