不同生物过滤系统铵态氮转化速率及生物膜特性分析

发布时间：2018-08-23 11:14

【摘要】：实验模拟循环水养殖系统,运行了移动床生物膜反应器(moving bed biofilm reactor,MBBR)和挂帘式生物滴滤池两类生物过滤系统的6种不同填料反应器,对比分析了各反应器的填料挂膜效果、铵态氮转化速率和生物膜微生物群落结构等特征.结果表明,与MBBR相比,挂帘式生物滴滤池挂膜速度快且生物量较多,其中碳纤维挂帘式生物滴滤池的脱膜后生物膜重最大,为45.97 g·m-2,8 h NH+4-N去除率(86.76%)高于其他反应器(61.96%~78.76%),并且NO-2-N累积少,16 h时NO-2-N浓度在0.5 mg·L~(-1)以下.通过Illumina高通量测序技术对生物过滤系统中生物膜微生物群落结构进行解析,结果表明,不同类型反应器的生物膜内的细菌、真核微生物群落构成有明显区别,无论是细菌还是真核微生物,挂帘式生物滴滤池的物种丰度和多样性均高于MBBR,但MBBR的细菌群落物种集中度更高.硝化螺菌属(Nitrospira)及放线菌中的Nakamurella属在两类反应器的生物膜中均占优势,腐螺旋菌科(Saprospiraceae)在挂帘式生物滴滤池更多,而丛毛单胞菌科(Comamonadaceae)更倾向于在MBBR中富集.在真核微生物属水平相对丰度上,挂帘式生物滴滤池中小杆目中的Rhabditida norank占明显优势,而MBBR中绿藻纲中的Chlorophyceae norank占明显优势.以上研究结果为挂帘式生物滴滤池在循环水养殖水质净化中的应用奠定了实验基础.
[Abstract]:Six different packed biofilters, moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) and curtain biotrickling filter (BTF), were used to simulate the recirculating aquaculture system. The effects of different packed biofilters, ammonium ecological nitrogen conversion rate and microbial community structure of biofilm were compared and analyzed. The results showed that compared with MBBR, curtain bio-trickling filter had faster membrane-hanging speed and more biomass, and the bio-film weight of carbon fiber curtain bio-trickling filter was the highest, which was 45.97 g m-2, 8 h NH + 4-N removal rate (86.76%) higher than other reactors (61.96% ~ 78.76%), and the accumulation of NO-2-N was less than that of other reactors (61.96% ~ 78.76%). Illumina high-throughput sequencing technique was used to analyze the microbial community structure of biofilm in biofiltration system. The results showed that the composition of eukaryotic microbial community in biofilm of different types of reactors was significantly different. Both bacteria and eukaryotic microorganisms had high species richness and diversity. Nitrospira and Nakamurella in actinomycetes predominate in the biofilms of both reactors. Saprospiraceae is more abundant in curtain bio-trickling filters, while Comamonadaceae is more inclined to enrich in MBBR. Rhabditida norank was predominant in the small rods of the curtain biotrickling filter, while Chlorophyceae norank was predominant in the green algae class of MBBR. The above results laid an experimental foundation for the application of the curtain biotrickling filter in the purification of water quality of circulating aquaculture.
【作者单位】：北京市农林科学院生物技术研究中心;东北林业大学林学院;农业部都市农业(北方)重点实验室;
【基金】：北京市农林科学院青年科学基金项目(QNJJ201417);北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20140420)
【分类号】：X714

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