辽宁省盐碱地利用问题研究

发布时间：2018-08-23 20:51

【摘要】：随着科学技术的日益发展,盐碱地不再是不毛之地,而是重要的土地资源,合理的开发利用盐碱地与保护盐碱地环境不被破坏对于我国非常重要。由于特殊的地理环境,辽宁省滨海地区存在着大面积的盐碱地,如离入海口近的盘锦市、营口市,历史上就属于重盐碱土壤地区,大连市的瓦房店、普兰店以及庄河地区濒临黄渤海,也有大面积的盐碱地,其土壤是典型的滨海盐渍土,即整个土体盐分含量高,且盐分组成以氯化物为主。盐碱地虽然低产甚至是不毛之地,但是其地势平坦和灌溉之便,又令盐碱地成为重要的土地后备资源。因而自古以来人类就没有停止过对盐碱地进行改良和利用。本论文从盐碱地利用的研究背景、研究目的和研究意义入手,了解当前国内外盐碱地利用现状及趋势,分析中国的国情,根据辽宁省的具体情况,通过调查,进一步分析辽宁省在对盐碱地的利用上采取了哪些有效措施。通过分析发现其中还存在哪些需要进一步解决的问题并提出对策建议,从而更加深刻的认识到盐碱地资源是一种可持续发展的重要资源,有效利用盐碱地具有非常重要的意义。论文框架:第一章是绪论。对论文的研究背景、意义与目的、内容与框架、方法及创新点等进行了论述,并对国内外的相关研究进行了述评。第二章是相关概念与理论基础。对盐碱地、盐碱地利用进行了概念界定,并对论文的理论基础——可持续发展理论与农业技术推广理论进行了阐述。第三章是辽宁省盐碱地利用现状分析。从分布、成因、利用效果、技术措施以及“渤海粮仓”辽宁项目这几个方面对辽宁省盐碱地利用现状进行了分析。第四章是辽宁省盐碱地利用存在问题与原因分析。阐述了辽宁省盐碱地可持续利用观念尚不统一、资金投入不足融资渠道单一、忽视可持续发展不重视生态效益、盐碱地可持续利用技术推广难度大、盐碱地资源利用效率低结构不合理五个存在的问题,并对原因进行了分析。第五章是辽宁省盐碱地利用对策建议。提出了培养可持续利用的观念、科学制定盐碱地的治理规划、加强政策与资金的保障、继续加大生态治理力度、有力开展农业技术推广工作、大力开发配套技术及应用模式六项改进措施。第六章是结论与展望。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, saline-alkali land is no longer a barren land, but an important land resource. It is very important for our country to develop and utilize saline-alkali land reasonably and protect the environment of saline-alkali land from being destroyed. Because of the special geographical environment, there is a large area of saline-alkali land in the coastal areas of Liaoning Province, such as Panjin City, Yingkou City, which is close to the entrance to the sea, and Wafangdian in Dalian, historically belonging to the heavy saline-alkali soil area. The Plandian and Zhuanghe areas are close to the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, and there is also a large area of saline and alkali land. The soil is a typical coastal saline soil, that is, the whole soil is high in salt content, and the salt composition is mainly chlorinated. Although saline-alkali land has low yield and even barren land, its flat topography and irrigation make saline-alkali land become an important reserve resource of land. Therefore, since ancient times, humans have not stopped the improvement and utilization of saline-alkali land. This paper starts with the research background, purpose and significance of saline-alkali land utilization, understands the current situation and trend of saline-alkali land utilization at home and abroad, analyzes the national conditions of China, and according to the specific situation of Liaoning Province, through investigation, Further analysis of Liaoning Province in the use of saline-alkali land what effective measures. Through the analysis, we find out which problems need to be solved further and put forward some countermeasures, so as to realize that the saline-alkali land resource is an important resource for sustainable development, and it is of great significance to utilize saline-alkali land effectively. The first chapter is introduction. This paper discusses the research background, significance and purpose, content and framework, methods and innovation points of the paper, and reviews the related research at home and abroad. The second chapter is related concepts and theoretical basis. This paper defines the concept of saline-alkali land and its utilization, and expounds the theory of sustainable development and agricultural technology extension. The third chapter is the present situation analysis of saline-alkali land utilization in Liaoning Province. The present situation of saline-alkali land utilization in Liaoning Province is analyzed from the following aspects: distribution, cause of formation, utilization effect, technical measures and Liaoning project of "Bohai granary". The fourth chapter is the analysis of the problems and causes of saline-alkali land utilization in Liaoning Province. This paper expounds that the concept of sustainable utilization of saline-alkali land in Liaoning Province is not unified, the financing channel is not enough, the sustainable development is ignored and ecological benefit is ignored, and it is difficult to popularize the technology of sustainable utilization of saline-alkali land. There are five problems in low utilization efficiency of saline-alkali land resources, and the causes are analyzed. The fifth chapter is the countermeasures and suggestions of saline-alkali land utilization in Liaoning Province. This paper puts forward the idea of cultivating sustainable utilization, scientifically drawing up the plan of saline-alkali land management, strengthening the guarantee of policies and funds, continuing to increase the intensity of ecological management, and carrying out agricultural technology extension work. Vigorously develop supporting technology and application mode of six improvement measures. The sixth chapter is the conclusion and prospect.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S156.4

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