贵州喀斯特峰丛洼地石漠化区土壤物理特征时空分异

发布时间：2018-08-24 10:35

【摘要】：喀斯特峰丛洼地在全国8个石漠化治理区中面积(310万hm~2)居第二位,贵州是全国石漠化最严重的地区。喀斯特生境的高度异质性、土被不连续性,导致土壤物理特性的差异,使持水保水能力有较大差异。为了弄清喀斯特峰丛地石漠化区土壤物理特征时空分异,利用环刀法对贵州喀斯特峰丛洼地石漠化实验区不同季节、不同地貌部位的土壤取样,用SPSS19.0数学统计方法对样品进行统计分析,结果表明:(1)土壤物理特征存在较大的时空分异,除了少部分为弱变异外,其它均表现为中等变异程度,这与生境类型复杂多样、生境高度异质性有关。(2)不同坡度土壤物理特征变化不显著,但土壤物理特征在不同地貌部位(上、中、下坡)随季节(春、夏、秋、冬)变化而变化。(3)不同植被类型下,除了非毛管孔隙度外,土壤自然含水量等物理特征变化极显著。以灌木林、人工林(经果林)分布区域土壤较为疏松、透气性好,而以针叶林或荒草地分布区,土壤粘重,透气性相对较差。
[Abstract]:Karst peak cluster depression occupies the second place in 8 rocky desertification control areas (3.1 million hm~2) in China. Guizhou is the most serious rocky desertification area in China. The high heterogeneity of karst habitat and the discontinuity of soil lead to the difference of soil physical characteristics and water holding capacity. In order to find out the spatial and temporal differentiation of soil physical characteristics in karst peak cluster rocky desertification area, the soil samples from different seasons and different landforms in Guizhou karst peak cluster depression were sampled by using ring knife method. The results showed that: (1) the physical characteristics of soil showed great spatial and temporal differentiation, except for a small number of weak variations, all of them showed moderate variability, which was complex with the habitat type. The results showed that: (1) the physical characteristics of soil were different in time and space, except for a small number of weak variations. (2) soil physical characteristics of different slopes were not significant, but soil physical characteristics varied with seasons (spring, summer, autumn, winter) in different landforms (upper, middle, downhill). (3) under different vegetation types, In addition to non-capillary porosity, the physical characteristics of soil natural water content are extremely significant. The soil was looser and better in the distribution area of shrub and plantations, but the soil viscosity and permeability were relatively poor in coniferous forest or barren grassland.
【作者单位】：贵州科学院贵州省山地资源研究所;贵州科学院贵州省植物园;贵州师范学院;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目[2016YFC050260404] 贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2016]2525号) 贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J[2013]2236号) 贵州省重大应用基础项目(黔科合JZ字[2014]200208) 广州市产学研协同创新重大专项[201604020006] 贵州省农业攻关项目[黔科合NY字(2012)3025]
【分类号】：S152

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