晋南旱垣种植制度及土壤耕作方式对麦田周年土壤水分动态和水分利用效率的影响
发布时间：2018-09-08 12:56
【摘要】：为了高效贮蓄利用夏季降水资源,明确不同种植制度及土壤耕作方式的麦田周年土壤水分动态变化规律,在山西临汾采用大区对比方法研究了麦茬复播谷子、休闲期土壤耕作方式对麦田周年土壤水分动态及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:在夏季降雨较少年型,在小麦播种期0—200cm土层贮水量为休闲制少耕休闲制传统耕作休闲制免耕麦茬复播谷子,麦茬复播谷子全生育期0—200cm土层的耗水量高于休闲制的3个不同土壤耕作方式。在小麦生育期降水较多年型,0—200cm贮水量在小麦返青期和拔节期谷子茬口低于休闲茬口少耕和传统耕作,灌浆期和成熟期高于休闲茬口少耕和传统耕作。播种—返青阶段,谷子茬口各土层的耗水量均小于休闲茬口少耕和传统耕作;返青—拔节阶段谷子茬口、休闲茬口少耕和传统耕作在100—200cm土层水分由积蓄变化为拔节—灌浆阶段、灌浆—成熟阶段的亏缺;在播种—成熟全阶段0—200cm土层的总耗水量为休闲茬口传统耕作休闲茬口少耕谷子茬口。周年0—100cm土层土壤水分谷子茬口、休闲茬口少耕和传统耕作均有不同程度的积蓄,100—200,0—200cm土层谷子茬口水分积蓄,而休闲茬口少耕和传统耕作水分均为亏缺。水分利用效率为谷子茬口休闲茬口少耕休闲茬口传统耕作。研究结果为该区域正确选择种植制度及夏季休闲制土壤耕作方式提供了理论和技术支撑。
[Abstract]:In order to efficiently store and utilize summer precipitation resources and determine the dynamic change of annual soil moisture in wheat fields with different planting systems and soil tillage methods, a comparative study was carried out in Linfen, Shanxi Province, on wheat stubble reseeding millet. Effects of soil Tillage methods on Annual soil moisture Dynamics and Water use efficiency in Wheat Field during Recreation period. The results showed that the rainfall in summer was younger than that in summer, and the water storage in 0-200cm soil layer in the sowing period of wheat was as follows: leisure system, less tillage, leisure, traditional tillage, no tillage, wheat stubble, repeated sowing millet. The water consumption of 0-200cm soil layer in the whole growth period of wheat stubble millet was higher than that of three different soil tillage methods. During the growth period of wheat, the storage water of 0-200cm of precipitation was lower than that of fallow stubble and traditional tillage at the stage of returning to green and at jointing stage, but it was higher at filling stage and ripening stage than that at the stage of fallow stubble and traditional tillage. In the stage of sowing and turning green, the water consumption of every soil layer in the stubble of millet was less than that in the tillage of leisure stubble and traditional tillage, and in the stage of returning green to jointing, The change of soil moisture in 100-200cm from the accumulation of less tillage and traditional tillage to jointing and filling stage, and the deficiency of grain-maturation stage in fallow stubble and traditional tillage; The total water consumption of 0-200cm soil layer in the whole stage of seeding and ripening was the traditional tillage stubble with the traditional tillage and the wheat stubble with less tillage. The annual soil water content of millet stubble in 0-100cm soil layer, less tillage of leisure stubble and traditional tillage were all accumulated in varying degrees, but the soil moisture of millet stubble in 100-200 ~ 200cm soil layer was deficient, while that of leisure stubble and traditional tillage was deficient. Water use efficiency (Wue) is the traditional tillage of millet stubble, low tillage and leisure stubble. The results provide theoretical and technical support for the proper selection of planting system and summer recreational soil tillage in this area.
【作者单位】： 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所;山西省农业科学院隰县农业试验站;
【基金】：山西省农业科学院重点项目(YZD1509) 山西省科技厅攻关项目(20150311001-4)
【分类号】：S152.7
[Abstract]:In order to efficiently store and utilize summer precipitation resources and determine the dynamic change of annual soil moisture in wheat fields with different planting systems and soil tillage methods, a comparative study was carried out in Linfen, Shanxi Province, on wheat stubble reseeding millet. Effects of soil Tillage methods on Annual soil moisture Dynamics and Water use efficiency in Wheat Field during Recreation period. The results showed that the rainfall in summer was younger than that in summer, and the water storage in 0-200cm soil layer in the sowing period of wheat was as follows: leisure system, less tillage, leisure, traditional tillage, no tillage, wheat stubble, repeated sowing millet. The water consumption of 0-200cm soil layer in the whole growth period of wheat stubble millet was higher than that of three different soil tillage methods. During the growth period of wheat, the storage water of 0-200cm of precipitation was lower than that of fallow stubble and traditional tillage at the stage of returning to green and at jointing stage, but it was higher at filling stage and ripening stage than that at the stage of fallow stubble and traditional tillage. In the stage of sowing and turning green, the water consumption of every soil layer in the stubble of millet was less than that in the tillage of leisure stubble and traditional tillage, and in the stage of returning green to jointing, The change of soil moisture in 100-200cm from the accumulation of less tillage and traditional tillage to jointing and filling stage, and the deficiency of grain-maturation stage in fallow stubble and traditional tillage; The total water consumption of 0-200cm soil layer in the whole stage of seeding and ripening was the traditional tillage stubble with the traditional tillage and the wheat stubble with less tillage. The annual soil water content of millet stubble in 0-100cm soil layer, less tillage of leisure stubble and traditional tillage were all accumulated in varying degrees, but the soil moisture of millet stubble in 100-200 ~ 200cm soil layer was deficient, while that of leisure stubble and traditional tillage was deficient. Water use efficiency (Wue) is the traditional tillage of millet stubble, low tillage and leisure stubble. The results provide theoretical and technical support for the proper selection of planting system and summer recreational soil tillage in this area.
【作者单位】： 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所;山西省农业科学院隰县农业试验站;
【基金】：山西省农业科学院重点项目(YZD1509) 山西省科技厅攻关项目(20150311001-4)
【分类号】：S152.7
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