稻壳炭对不同土壤磷淋溶的影响

发布时间：2018-09-08 20:31

【摘要】：生物炭用作土壤改良剂受到广泛关注,其对土壤磷素有效性的影响研究较少。本研究通过为期52周的室内土柱淋溶试验研究生物炭对3种类型土壤磷淋溶的影响。以500°C温度下热解30min制得的稻壳炭和该水洗稻壳炭为试验材料,分别以15%的重量比添加到酸性红壤、弱碱性风沙土和碱性盐土中,不加稻壳炭的土壤分别为各自处理的对照。试验测定了淋溶液的磷酸盐累积淋失量、土壤pH值、土壤有效磷含量、酸性磷酸酶活性、中性磷酸酶活性和碱性磷酸酶活性。结果表明:稻壳炭可增加红壤的pH值,但会降低风沙土和盐土的pH值;培养第20周之前,生物炭养分被红壤固定,第20周之后,生物炭促进磷酸盐的淋失;在整个淋溶时期内,原样生物炭和水洗炭均促进风沙土和盐土的磷酸盐淋失;原样生物炭在整个培养时期内均显著增加红壤的有效磷含量,但其只在第4周显著增加风沙土和盐土的有效钾含量;生物炭对不同类型酸度土壤磷酸酶活性的影响不尽相同,但部分磷酸酶活性的增强对磷酸盐含量的增加起到一定作用。以上结果表明,稻壳炭促进了3种类型土壤磷酸盐的淋失并能在短期内增加土壤中有效磷含量。
[Abstract]:The effect of biochar on Phosphorus Leaching in three types of soils was studied by 52-week indoor soil column leaching experiment. The rice husk charcoal and the washed rice husk charcoal were pyrolyzed at 500 C for 30 minutes and 15 C for 15 minutes respectively. Soils without rice husk charcoal were added to acid red soil, weak alkaline aeolian sandy soil and alkaline saline soil by weight ratio of 0.5%. The accumulation of phosphate leaching, soil pH value, soil available phosphorus content, acid phosphatase activity, neutral phosphatase activity and alkaline phosphatase activity were measured. Shell charcoal can increase the pH value of red soil, but it can decrease the pH value of aeolian sandy soil and saline soil; before 20 weeks, biochar nutrients are fixed by red soil; after 20 weeks, biochar can promote phosphate leaching; during the whole leaching period, biochar and washed char can promote phosphate leaching of aeolian sandy soil and saline soil; The available phosphorus content of red soil was significantly increased during the period, but only the available potassium content of aeolian sandy soil and saline soil was significantly increased in the fourth week. The effect of biochar on phosphatase activity of different types of acidity soil was different, but the increase of some phosphatase activity played a certain role in the increase of phosphate content. It promoted the leaching of phosphate in 3 types of soil and could increase the content of available phosphorus in the soil in a short time.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学辽宁省生物炭工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41401325) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201303095) 辽宁省教育厅一般项目(L2014256)
【分类号】：S156.2

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