尾煤泥施用的重金属安全性及其对土壤结构和燕麦生长的影响

发布时间：2018-09-10 08:37

【摘要】：为促进煤炭洗选加工废弃物尾煤泥在农业生产中的科学利用,以裸燕麦品种草莜1号和蒙农大燕1号为研究对象,尾煤泥基施量0(CK)、7 500、15 000、22 500kg·hm~(-2),在砂壤土田间进行随机试验,并对尾煤泥、土壤、燕麦茎叶的重金属和矿质营养成分进行了分析。结果表明,尾煤泥中的重金属镍(Ni)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)含量低于《城镇污水处理厂污泥处置:农用泥质》标准(CJ/T 309-2009)中的规定限量;尾煤泥显著(P0.01)提高了土壤与燕麦的氮(N)、钾(K)、钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)等养分含量及燕麦产量;两个燕麦品种对尾煤泥效应趋势一致;燕麦茎叶K含量与干草产量和籽粒产量的相关性最大,相关系数分别为0.446 8和0.571 1。综上所述,工业废弃物尾煤泥营养成分较高,可在土壤中安全施用,在燕麦种植中以15 000kg·hm~(-2)直接基施为宜,可提高砂壤土的容重10.48%,提高保水性(含水量提高16.84%),燕麦干草产量和籽粒产量两年平均提高42.79%和17.63%。
[Abstract]:In order to promote the scientific utilization of tail slime from coal washing and processing waste in agricultural production, a random experiment was carried out in sandy soil field with naked oat cultivar Caoyou 1 and Mengnongda Yan 1 as research objects. The basal application amount of tail slime was 0 (CK) / 7500 (15000000 / 22 500kg hm~ (-2). The heavy metals and mineral nutrients of tail coal slime, soil, oat stem and leaf were analyzed. The results showed that the content of nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), cadmium mercury (Hg), arsenic (As) in tailings slime was lower than that in CJ/T 309-2009 standard for sludge disposal in municipal sewage treatment plants. Tail slime significantly (P0.01) increased the content of nitrogen, (N), (K), calcium, (Ca), mg, (Mg) and oat yield in soil and oats, the trend of the effect of tail coal slime was the same between the two oats, and the correlation between K content in stem and leaf of oat and hay yield and grain yield was the greatest. The correlation coefficients were 0.446 8 and 0.571 1, respectively. In conclusion, industrial waste coal slime has higher nutrient content and can be safely applied in soil, and 15 000kg hm~ (-2) direct substrate is suitable for oat planting. The bulk density of sandy loam was increased by 10.48%, the water conservation (water content increased by 16.84%), the yield of oat hay and grain increased by 42.79% and 17.6333% in two years.
【作者单位】：内蒙古农业大学;
【基金】：现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-08) 内蒙科技计划项目(201501037)
【分类号】：S512.6;S141.6

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