混合碱性盐对甜菜苗期根系及根际土壤酶和微生物的影响
发布时间：2018-10-10 14:04
【摘要】：甜菜(Beta vulgaris L.)是主要的糖料作物和能源作物,具有极强的耐盐碱性,研究甜菜在混合碱性盐(Na_2CO_3~+Na HCO_3)条件下根系及其根际微生态变化,对进一步研究甜菜的根际效应奠定基础,对盐碱地的开发利用具有重要意义。本试验以甜菜品种KWS0143和Beta464为材料,在盆栽条件下,将碱性盐Na HCO_3和Na_2CO_3按摩尔比为2:1混合,按施入土壤的混合碱性盐质量设置4个处理,分别是0、5、7和9 g/kg(A0、A2、A3和A4),处理后的土壤EC值分别为127.67、559.33、782.67、981.67,p H值分别为7.20、9.18、9.40、9.56,在该条件下对根系鲜重、干重、根系活力、根系形态,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量,根系内源激素含量的进行分析,并检测根系分泌物种类及含量的变化、根际微生物群落和数量,土壤酶活性的变化。研究结果如下:1.随着处理浓度的增加,甜菜幼苗出苗率下降,6月2日(1对真叶)时根系干重、鲜重和根系形态指标(长度、表面积、体积)均降低,而根系活力升高;6月16和30日(2、3对真叶)时根系干重、鲜重、根系活力和根系形态指标(长度、表面积、体积)呈先增加后减少的趋势,在A3处理下显著高于对照(P0.05),A4处理下显著低于对照(P0.05);而且KWS0143各指标高于Beta464。随着取样时间的延长,甜菜幼苗根系干重、鲜重、根系活力和根系形态指标(长度、表面积、体积)均呈上升趋势。干重、根活力和根长度、表面积、体积之间存在显著或极显著正相关关系。2.随着处理浓度的增大,甜菜根系MDA含量增加,而保护酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性则表现为先升高后降低。6月2日(1对真叶)时IAA、BR和ABA含量随处理浓度增大而增多,ZR减少,对应的比值变化为IAA/ABA减小、BR/ABA增大和ZR/ABA降低。6月30日(3对真叶)时内源激素(IAA、ZR、BR、ABA)含量和比值变化与保护酶一致,均为先上升后下降,A3处理的活性最高,A4时活性最低,与A0差异显著。随处理时间的延长,甜菜根系保护酶(SOD、POD、CAT)活性和MDA含量均升高,内源激素中BR升高,IAA、ZR、ABA均先升后降,而对应的比值BR/ABA升高,IAA/ABA和ZR/ABA则降低。相关分析表明,保护酶(SOD、POD、CAT)与激素之间变化存在正相关关系,与IAA、ZR、BR达显著或极显著正相关。3.甜菜苗期根系分泌物被检测出共含有83种物质,其中包括烷烃、烯烃、酯类、醇类、酮、酚类、醛、酸、吡啶、噻唑、胺类、萘等,种类最多的是酯类和烷烃类。6月2日(1对真叶)时根系分泌物种类比30日(3对真叶)多46种,包括烷烃类(十四烷、十五烷、十七烷等)、酚类(2,4-二叔丁基苯酚、2,6-二叔丁基对甲苯酚等)和酯类(邻苯二甲酸丁基酯1-甲基壬基酯、邻苯二甲酸丁基酯2-乙基己基酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丙酯等)。两个取样时期检测出根系分泌物种类均为A3最多、A4最少;且品种KWS0143的分泌物种类比品种Beta464丰富。4.不同处理的土壤脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性和微生物总量均是A3最高,均存在显著差异;随着时间的延长,脲酶先升后降、碱性磷酸酶上升、过氧化氢酶先降后升。根际土壤微生物数量表现为:细菌放线菌真菌。在30日(3对真叶)时细菌数量A3A2A0A4、真菌A3 A2A0A4和放线菌A0A3A2A4,差异性显著;KWS0143的根际脲酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶活性及细菌和放线菌数量高于Beta464,真菌数量则为KB。相关分析表明,脲酶活性同细菌数量和微生物总量呈显著正相关,过氧化氢酶活性与放线菌数量呈极显著正相关关系。
[Abstract]:Beta vulgaris L. (Beta vulgaris L.) is the main sugar crop and energy crop, has extremely strong salt tolerance, and studies the root system and its root microecological changes under the condition of mixed alkaline salt (Na _ 2CO _ 3 ~ + Na HCO _ 3). It is of great significance for the development and utilization of saline-alkali soil. Using sugar beet variety KWS0143 and Beta464 as material, the basic salt Na HCO _ 3 and Na _ 2CO _ 3 were mixed at a molar ratio of 2: 1 under pot conditions, 4 treatments were set according to the mixed basic salt mass applied to the soil, 0, 5, 7 and 9 g/ kg (A0, A2, A3 and A4), respectively. The EC values of the treated soil were 127. 67, 559. 33, 782. 67, 981. 67, and the values of p H were 7. 20, 9. 18, 9. 40, 9. 56, respectively. Under the condition, the fresh weight, dry weight, root activity, root morphology, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) activity and MDA content of root system were determined. The content of endogenous hormones in root system was analyzed, and the changes of the species and contents of root exudates, the community and quantity of roots and the activity of soil enzymes were detected. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The root dry weight, fresh weight and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) of root system were all decreased with the increase of treatment concentration, and the dry weight and fresh weight of root system were increased on June 16 and 30 (2, 3 on true leaf). Root vigor and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) showed a tendency to decrease first, which was significantly higher than that of control (P0.05) under A3 treatment, and the indexes of KWS0143 were higher than Beta464. With the extension of sampling time, the root dry weight, fresh weight, root vigor and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) of sugarbeet seedlings were increasing. there was a significant or significant positive correlation between dry weight, root activity and root length, surface area, volume. The content of MDA in the root of sugarbeet increased with the increase of treatment concentration, while the activity of protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) increased first, and the content of IAA, BR and ABA increased with the increase of treatment concentration on June 2 (1 to true leaf), ZR decreased and the corresponding ratio changed to IAA/ ABA decrease. The changes of endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, BR, ABA) and the ratio of endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, BR, ABA) were consistent with the protective enzymes on 30 June (3 pairs of true leaves). With the prolongation of treatment time, the activity and MDA content of root-protecting enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) of sugarbeet increased, and the content of BR in endogenous hormones increased, IAA, ZR and ABA decreased first, and the corresponding ratio of BR/ ABA increased, IAA/ ABA and ZR/ ABA decreased. Correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) and hormone, and was positively correlated with IAA, ZR and BR. The root exudates of beet seedling stage are detected to contain 83 kinds of substances, including alkanes, olefins, esters, alcohols, ketones, phenols, aldehydes, acids, ketones, ketones, amines, esters, etc., Most of the species are esters and alkanes. There are 46 species, including alkanes (tetradecane, pentadecane, adecane, etc.), phenols (2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl p-cresol, etc.) and esters (phthalate 1-methylnonyl, phthalate 2-ethylhexyl, phthalate, etc.). The types of root exudates detected in the two sampling periods were A3 and A4, respectively, and the variety KWS0143 had better secretion than the variety Beta464. The total amount of alkaline phosphatase, catalase and microorganism in soils treated with different treatments was A3 highest, and there were significant differences. The number of microbes in the interroot soil showed that the bacteria actinomyces fungus. The number of bacteria A3 A2A0A4, fungi A3 A2A0A4 and actinomyces A03A A2A4 were significant in 30 days (3 pairs of true leaves), and the difference was significant; the number of roots, alkaline phosphatase, catalase and bacteria and actinomycetes of KWS0143 were higher than Beta464, and the number of fungi was KB. Correlation analysis showed that the enzyme activity was positively correlated with the number of bacteria and the total amount of microorganisms, and the activity of catalase was positively correlated with the number of actinomycetes.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S566.3;S154
本文编号：2262064
[Abstract]:Beta vulgaris L. (Beta vulgaris L.) is the main sugar crop and energy crop, has extremely strong salt tolerance, and studies the root system and its root microecological changes under the condition of mixed alkaline salt (Na _ 2CO _ 3 ~ + Na HCO _ 3). It is of great significance for the development and utilization of saline-alkali soil. Using sugar beet variety KWS0143 and Beta464 as material, the basic salt Na HCO _ 3 and Na _ 2CO _ 3 were mixed at a molar ratio of 2: 1 under pot conditions, 4 treatments were set according to the mixed basic salt mass applied to the soil, 0, 5, 7 and 9 g/ kg (A0, A2, A3 and A4), respectively. The EC values of the treated soil were 127. 67, 559. 33, 782. 67, 981. 67, and the values of p H were 7. 20, 9. 18, 9. 40, 9. 56, respectively. Under the condition, the fresh weight, dry weight, root activity, root morphology, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) activity and MDA content of root system were determined. The content of endogenous hormones in root system was analyzed, and the changes of the species and contents of root exudates, the community and quantity of roots and the activity of soil enzymes were detected. The results of the study are as follows: 1. The root dry weight, fresh weight and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) of root system were all decreased with the increase of treatment concentration, and the dry weight and fresh weight of root system were increased on June 16 and 30 (2, 3 on true leaf). Root vigor and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) showed a tendency to decrease first, which was significantly higher than that of control (P0.05) under A3 treatment, and the indexes of KWS0143 were higher than Beta464. With the extension of sampling time, the root dry weight, fresh weight, root vigor and root morphology index (length, surface area and volume) of sugarbeet seedlings were increasing. there was a significant or significant positive correlation between dry weight, root activity and root length, surface area, volume. The content of MDA in the root of sugarbeet increased with the increase of treatment concentration, while the activity of protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) increased first, and the content of IAA, BR and ABA increased with the increase of treatment concentration on June 2 (1 to true leaf), ZR decreased and the corresponding ratio changed to IAA/ ABA decrease. The changes of endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, BR, ABA) and the ratio of endogenous hormones (IAA, ZR, BR, ABA) were consistent with the protective enzymes on 30 June (3 pairs of true leaves). With the prolongation of treatment time, the activity and MDA content of root-protecting enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT) of sugarbeet increased, and the content of BR in endogenous hormones increased, IAA, ZR and ABA decreased first, and the corresponding ratio of BR/ ABA increased, IAA/ ABA and ZR/ ABA decreased. Correlation analysis showed that there was positive correlation between protective enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) and hormone, and was positively correlated with IAA, ZR and BR. The root exudates of beet seedling stage are detected to contain 83 kinds of substances, including alkanes, olefins, esters, alcohols, ketones, phenols, aldehydes, acids, ketones, ketones, amines, esters, etc., Most of the species are esters and alkanes. There are 46 species, including alkanes (tetradecane, pentadecane, adecane, etc.), phenols (2,4-di-tert-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl p-cresol, etc.) and esters (phthalate 1-methylnonyl, phthalate 2-ethylhexyl, phthalate, etc.). The types of root exudates detected in the two sampling periods were A3 and A4, respectively, and the variety KWS0143 had better secretion than the variety Beta464. The total amount of alkaline phosphatase, catalase and microorganism in soils treated with different treatments was A3 highest, and there were significant differences. The number of microbes in the interroot soil showed that the bacteria actinomyces fungus. The number of bacteria A3 A2A0A4, fungi A3 A2A0A4 and actinomyces A03A A2A4 were significant in 30 days (3 pairs of true leaves), and the difference was significant; the number of roots, alkaline phosphatase, catalase and bacteria and actinomycetes of KWS0143 were higher than Beta464, and the number of fungi was KB. Correlation analysis showed that the enzyme activity was positively correlated with the number of bacteria and the total amount of microorganisms, and the activity of catalase was positively correlated with the number of actinomycetes.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S566.3;S154
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