沿海滩涂增施氮肥对马齿苋生长发育及土壤微生物环境的影响

发布时间：2018-10-12 08:58

【摘要】：为明确沿海滩涂上增施氮肥对马齿苋生长发育及土壤微生物环境的影响,通过田间小区试验研究了5个氮肥水平(CK;N1:100 kg/hm~2;N2:150 kg/hm~2;N3:200 kg/hm~2;N4:250 kg/hm~2)对马齿苋生长发育、土壤养分及土壤微生物特性的影响。结果表明:增施氮肥能显著改善马齿苋生长发育,提高其生物产量,其中N3、N4达显著水平,鲜质量分别比对照增加19.3%、18.9%;增施氮肥后,土壤盐分呈现逐渐下降的趋势,土壤各养分指标呈现上升的趋势。N3水平下,土壤盐分仅为对照的88.6%,土壤全氮含量、有机质含量分别比对照增加21.5%、16.9%;在沿海滩涂上施用氮肥,土壤微生物群落物种丰富度指数、均匀度指数均高于CK处理,且施氮量越大,指数值越大,N3、N4水平达显著差异。氮肥用量越大,优势度指数越小。由此可见,在沿海滩涂上增施氮肥,可显著改善马齿苋的生长发育,促进其生长;增施氮肥能够增加土壤养分,降低土壤盐分,提高土壤微生物多样性,增加土壤微生物活性,起到改善土壤生态环境的效果,且以N3和N4效果最佳。
[Abstract]:In order to determine the effect of nitrogen fertilizer application on the growth and development of Portulaca oleracea and the soil microbial environment, five nitrogen levels (CK;N1:100 kg/hm~2;N2:150 kg/hm~2;N3:200 kg/hm~2;N4:250 kg/hm~2) were used to study the growth and development of Portulaca oleracea L. Effects of soil nutrients and soil microbial characteristics. The results showed that the growth and development of Portulaca oleracea were significantly improved and its biological yield was increased by adding nitrogen fertilizer, in which N _ 3N _ 4 reached a significant level, and the fresh mass increased by 19.3g / 18.9 than that of the control, and the salt content of the soil decreased gradually after the application of nitrogen fertilizer. Under N _ 3 level, the soil salinity was only 88.6 of the control, the total nitrogen content and organic matter content of the soil were increased by 21.5% 16.9, and the species richness index of the soil microbial community was increased by applying nitrogen fertilizer on the coastal beach. The evenness index was higher than that of CK treatment, and the higher the amount of nitrogen application, the greater the index value, and the difference of N3 + N4 level was significant. The larger the application of nitrogen fertilizer, the smaller the dominance index. It can be seen that the application of nitrogen fertilizer on coastal beach can significantly improve the growth and development of Portulaca oleracea, increase nitrogen fertilizer can increase soil nutrients, reduce soil salinity, improve soil microbial diversity and increase soil microbial activity. The soil ecological environment was improved, and N 3 and N 4 were the best.
【作者单位】：江苏沿海地区农业科学研究所;
【基金】：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[编号:CX(14)2046]
【分类号】：S154.3;S647

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