海岛型城市的土壤侵蚀状况及主要影响因子分析——以福建省平潭岛为例

发布时间：2018-10-12 21:48

【摘要】：为研究海岛型城市建设发展过程中的水土流失状况,将地理信息系统(GIS)与通用土壤流失方程(USLE)相结合,以福建省典型海岛——平潭岛作为研究区域,运用GIS建立平潭岛研究区的基础地理数据库,利用ArcGIS的栅格数据空间分析功能,对1990年与2013年的土壤侵蚀量进行了估算和分析。结果表明:平潭岛1990年平均土壤侵蚀模数为1 674.64t/(km~2·a),2013年平均土壤侵蚀模数为735t/(km~2·a),均属于轻度侵蚀。微度侵蚀从1990年的72.38%增加到2013年的79.31%。而在轻度侵蚀、中度侵蚀、强度侵蚀、极强度侵蚀和剧烈侵蚀方面均有所下降。1990年、2013年均是强度以上侵蚀区域对土壤侵蚀量的贡献最大。土地利用变化、降雨量和坡度变化对土壤侵蚀的作用显著。该研究可为平潭岛的经济开发建设、土地合理利用,以及为其他典型海岛在城市化进程中提出最佳的水土保持管理措施提供参考。
[Abstract]:In order to study the soil and water loss in the course of the construction and development of the island city, this paper combines (GIS) with the general soil loss equation (USLE), and takes Pingtan Island, a typical island in Fujian Province, as the research area. The basic geographic database of Pingtan Island research area was established by using GIS, and the soil erosion amount in 1990 and 2013 was estimated and analyzed by using the raster data spatial analysis function of ArcGIS. The results showed that the average soil erosion modulus of Pingtan Island in 1990 was 1 674.64t/ (km~2 a), 2013 average soil erosion modulus was 735t/) (km~2 a), was mild erosion). The micro-erosion increased from 72.38% in 1990 to 79.31% in 2013. However, slight erosion, moderate erosion, intensity erosion, extreme intensity erosion and severe erosion all decreased. In 1990, 2013, the area above intensity contributed the most to soil erosion. Land use change, rainfall and slope change play a significant role in soil erosion. This study can be used as a reference for the economic development and construction of Pingtan Island, the rational use of land, and the best soil and water conservation management measures for other typical islands in the course of urbanization.
【作者单位】：福建农林大学林学院;海峡两岸红壤区水土保持协同创新中心;厦门大学两岸关系和平发展协同创新中心;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目“强度侵蚀区退化生态系统修复关键技术的研发与集成”(2014BAD15B02)
【分类号】：S157

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