秸秆还田方式对土壤理化性质及玉米产量的影响

发布时间：2018-10-19 07:36

【摘要】：在辽河平原中西部设两年定点试验,研究秸秆还田方式对土壤理化性质及玉米产量的影响。结果表明,条带旋耕后10~20 cm土层土壤紧实度显著下降,0~40 cm(2016)土壤容重减小、总孔隙度增加;条带旋耕明显增加了丰水年(2016)玉米产量。秸秆还田显著增加10~20 cm土层土壤速效养分含量、提高土壤有机质含量,降低0~30 cm土层土壤容重、增加其总孔隙度。秸秆还田改善土壤理化性质,显著提高玉米产量,干旱年(2015)条带旋耕增产效果最突出。秸秆条带旋耕还田提高土壤通透性、改善土壤结构、增强土壤抗旱能力、提高作物产量,是适宜推广的秸秆还田和耕作组合方式。
[Abstract]:A two year fixed-point experiment was conducted in the middle and west of Liaohe Plain to study the effect of straw return on soil physical and chemical properties and maize yield. The results showed that the soil compactness of 10 ~ 20 cm soil layer decreased significantly, the bulk density of 0 ~ 40 cm (2016) soil decreased, and the total porosity increased, while strip rotary tillage significantly increased (2016) maize yield in a water-rich year. Straw returning to the field significantly increased the content of soil available nutrients, increased the content of soil organic matter, reduced the bulk density of 0 ~ 30 cm soil layer, and increased the total porosity of the soil layer for 10 ~ 20 cm. Straw returning to the field improved soil physical and chemical properties and significantly increased maize yield. In drought year (2015), the effect of rotary tillage was the most outstanding. It is a suitable combination of straw returning and tillage to improve soil permeability, improve soil structure, strengthen soil drought resistance and increase crop yield.
【作者单位】：沈阳农业大学农学院;辽宁省农业机械化研究所;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300801,2016YFD0300103,2017YFD0201805,2017YFD0300703) 公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503116)
【分类号】：S141.4;S513

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