不同施肥处理对土壤活性有机碳和甲烷排放的影响

发布时间：2018-10-22 20:47

【摘要】：通过采集田间试验区连续3a施入有机肥的稻田耕层土壤,分析土壤中微生物量碳(MBC)、水溶性有机碳(DOC)、易氧化有机碳(ROC)和可矿化有机碳(readily mineralizable carbon,RMC)等活性有机碳的含量,稻田甲烷(CH_4)的排放通量,探讨施用有机肥的土壤活性有机碳变化及与CH_4排放的关系。研究结果显示:(1)施有机肥对土壤中的活性有机碳均有一定的促进作用。3a不同施肥处理土壤中DOC、ROC、MBC和RMC的平均含量分别为383.6、2501.2、640.4 mg/kg和291.7 mg/kg。3a施猪粪(猪粪+化肥,PM)、鸡粪(鸡粪+化肥,CM)和稻草(稻草+化肥,RS)的DOC的含量分别比化肥(CF)处理增加5.6%、6.7%和19.3%,ROC的含量分别比CF增加6.6%、8.4%和9.8%;MBC含量分别比CF增加5.1%、14.8%和21.5%,RMC增加6.8%、22.0%和33.9%。不同施肥处理的稻田土壤活性有机碳为分蘖期高于成熟期。(2)施肥处理显著增加稻田CH_4排放,CH_4分蘖期的排放通量是成熟期的143倍,3a PM、CM和RS处理的CH_4排放分别比CF处理增加37.0%(P0.05)、92.7%(P0.05)和99.4%(P0.05)。(3)不同施肥处理的DOC、ROC、MBC和RMC含量与CH_4排放通量均存在显著正相关关系,ROC与CH_4排放的相关系数最高,为0.754(P0.01),且4种有机碳间关系密切。稻田分蘖期土壤中的活性有机碳与稻田CH_4排放呈显著正相关关系。(4)综合分析,在4种有机碳中,土壤中ROC和MBC的含量直接影响CH_4排放。
[Abstract]:The contents of microbial biomass carbon (MBC), soluble organic carbon (DOC), easily oxidized organic carbon (ROC) and mineralizable organic carbon (readily mineralizable carbon,RMC) in soil were analyzed by collecting the cultivated soil of paddy field applied to organic manure for 3 consecutive years. The emission flux of methane (CH_4) from paddy fields and the relationship between soil active organic carbon (SOC) and CH_4 emission were studied. The results showed that: (1) Organic manure could promote the activity of organic carbon in soil, and the average contents of DOC,ROC,MBC and RMC in different fertilization treatments were 383.6 mg/kg 2501.2640.4 mg/kg and 291.7 mg/kg.3a respectively. The DOC content of manure fertilizer, CM) and straw fertilizer, RS) (straw chemical fertilizer, RS) increased by 5.6% and 19.3ROC respectively compared with that of (CF) treatment. The contents of DOC in manure fertilizer, CM) and straw fertilizer, RS) were increased by 6.6% and 8.4% compared with CF, respectively, and increased by 5.1U% and 6.822.0% and 33.9mol% than CF, respectively. The soil active organic carbon of different fertilization treatments was higher than that of mature stage at tillering stage. (2) fertilization treatment significantly increased CH_4 emission from paddy field, and the emission flux of CH_4 at tillering stage was 143 times higher than that in mature stage, and CH_4 emissions of 3a PM,CM and RS treatments were higher than those of CF treatment, respectively. There was a significant positive correlation between DOC,ROC,MBC and RMC content and CH_4 flux in different fertilization treatments (P 0.05, P 0.05), 92.7% (P 0.05) and 99.4% (P 0.05). (3), and the correlation coefficient between ROC and CH_4 was the highest. It was 0.754 (P0.01), and the four organic carbon were closely related. There was a significant positive correlation between soil active organic carbon and CH_4 emission in paddy field at tillering stage. (4) Comprehensive analysis showed that the contents of ROC and MBC in the four organic carbon directly affected CH_4 emissions.
【作者单位】：湖南省土壤肥料研究所农业部长江中游平原农业环境重点实验室;南方粮油作物协同创新中心;河南省新悦环境科学技术研究发展有限公司;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31300413) 国家科技支撑计划课题(2013 BAD11B02)
【分类号】：S153.6;S154

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